Part 2 Flashcards
Invasion of body tissue by microorganisms and their proliferation there
INFECTION
• Infection acquired by the patient in the hospital or manifested after discharge
• URINARY TRACT is the most frequent site
NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION
• A ______ is a microorganism that causes disease
• Ability to produce disease
PATHOGENESIS
Infectious Pathogens
Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Parasites
Susceptible Host
• Most common microorganisms infection causing
Can cause disease in human and can live and be transported through air, water, food, soil, body tissues and fluids
BACTERIA
Consist primarily of nucleic acid
Families include Rhinovirus, Hepatitis virus, Herpes, & Human Immunodeficiency virus
Viruses
• Live on other living organisms
• Include protozoa such as the one that causes malaria, helminthes (worms) and arthropods (mites, fleas, ticks)
PARASITES
Includes yeasts and molds
Fungi
An organism that harbors or nourishes another organism
It is an animal or plant wherein a parasite live
SUSCEPTIBLE HOST
PROCESS OF INFECTION
Incubation period
Prodromal phase
Active phase
Convalescence
• The time between the entry of the microorganisms into the body and the onset of the symptoms
• Organism adapts to the person and multiplies sufficiently to produce an infection
INCUBATION PERIOD (Ist stage)
• Infected persons are infectious and most likely to spread the infecting organisms
• Early signs and symptoms are fatigue, body malaise, fever, etc.
PRODROMAL PHASE (2nd stage)
• Full stage / illness period
• All the characteristic signs and symptoms of the disease are at their peak
ACTIVE PHASE (3rd stage)
Symptoms begin to diminish and eventually disappear
CONVALESCENCE (4th stage)
Accidentally harbors an organism that is not ordinarily parasitic in that particular species.
ACCIDENTAL HOST
The parasite lives in a host until its adult and sexual existence or until capable of sexual reproduction
DEFINITIVE HOST
The organism in which parasite passes its larval or non-sexual existence
INTERMEDIATE HOST
• An animal acting as a substitute intermediate host of a parasite.
• Acquiring the said parasite is by ingestion of the original host.
PARATENIC HOST
The host that a parasite or any other organism requires to become sexually mature to reproduce and spread infection.
PRIMARY HOST
Populations, species or ecological communities that drive disease dynamics.
RESERVOIR HOST
