Part 1 Flashcards
STRUCTURE OF BLOOD VESSELS
The blood vessel walls consist of three relatively distinct tissue layers:
- TUNICA INTIMA
- TUNICA MEDIA
- TUNICA ADVENTITIA/EXTERNA
Most internal layer of a blood vessel wall.
TUNICA INTIMA
Consists of smooth muscle cells arranged circularly around the blood vessel.
TUNICA MEDIA
Smooth muscle contraction and causes a decrease in blood vessel diameter.
VASOCONSTRICTION
Smooth muscle relaxation and causes an increase in blood vessel diameter.
VASODILATION
Composed of connective tissue, which varies from dense connective tissue near the tunica media.
TUNICA ADVENTITIA
TYPES OF ARTERIES
- ELASTIC ARTERIES
- MUSCULAR ARTERIES
- ARTERIOLES
Carry blood away from the heart.
Carry oxygenated blood.
ARTERIES
“Conducting arteries”
Have the largest diameters
First to receive blood from the heart, blood pressure is relatively high in the _______.
ELASTIC ARTERIES
Include medium-sized and small arteries.
The walls of some ______ are relatively thick.
MUSCULAR ARTERIES
Smallest arteries
Transport blood from small arteries to capillaries 40 um(micrometer) in diameter.
Capable of Vasoconstriction and Vasodilation
ARTERIOLES
carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
VEINS
TYPES OF VEINS
- VEINS OF THE FINGERS & HAND
- VEINS OF THE ARM
Flow along the lateral portion of the fingers
DIGITAL VEIN
Formed by the union of the digital veins.
DORSOMETACARPAL VEIN
Commences at the dorsal venous arch traveling upward along the radial border of the forearm.
Cephalic vein
Originates from either a plexus on the back of the forearm or the dorsal venous network.
Accessory Cephalic Vein
Commences at the dorsal venous arch traveling upward along the ulnar border of the forearm.
Basilic vein
Commences in the venous plexus of the palm
Medial Antebrachial vein
• Located on the innermost aspect of the antecubital fossa on the ulnar side
• Reserved for blood draws, peripheral midline catheters, and PICC placement
Median Basilic vein
• Located in the mid-antecubital fossa or inner elbow area
• Used for drawing blood
medial cephalic vein
• Located above the antecubital fossa
• 6mm diameter
upper cephalic vein
• Located above the antecubital fossa
• Medial to the biceps and connects to the axillary vein in the armpit area
• 8mm diameter
Upper Basilic vein
LOCATION OF BEST INSERTION SITE
The veins in the antecubital fossa or the forearms are the best choice for children older than 2
Do not use deep veins
