PART 2 Flashcards
What is the causative agent of cholera?
Bacteria
Cholera is primarily caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
What are the signs and symptoms of cholera?
Explosive watery diarrhea or rice watery stool
These symptoms are characteristic of severe cholera infections.
What is the procedure test for diagnosing cholera?
Stool examination
Stool examination helps identify the presence of Vibrio cholerae.
What is the primary method of preventing cholera?
Handwashing
Proper hygiene practices, such as handwashing, are crucial in preventing cholera transmission.
What is the priority in the management of cholera?
Prevention of dehydration
Dehydration is a major risk in cholera patients due to severe fluid loss.
What is the causative agent of leprosy?
Bacteria
Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae.
What laboratory test is used for diagnosing leprosy?
Skin biopsy
Skin biopsy can confirm the presence of Mycobacterium leprae.
What is the multi-drug regimen used for treating leprosy?
Rifampicin and Dapsone
These antibiotics are effective in treating leprosy.
How is leprosy primarily transmitted?
Respiratory droplets
Leprosy can spread through prolonged close contact with an infected person.
What is a clinical manifestation of leprosy?
Numbness of affected areas
Nerve damage leads to loss of sensation in leprosy patients.
What is an early sign of alcohol withdrawal?
Diaphoresis
Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, is a common early symptom.
What is the drug of choice to promote abstinence from alcohol?
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Disulfiram works by causing unpleasant reactions when alcohol is consumed.
What medication is used for alcohol withdrawal with seizures?
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used to manage withdrawal symptoms.
What is a treatment for alcohol intoxication?
Dialysis
Dialysis may be necessary in severe cases of alcohol poisoning.
What assessment data provides the best information on a patient’s physiological response to medication?
Vital signs
Monitoring vital signs helps assess the effectiveness of treatment.
What should be eliminated from the diet during alcohol withdrawal?
Regular coffee
Caffeine can exacerbate withdrawal symptoms.
What is the purpose of paper lining before a PHN bag?
To prevent contamination of the bag
Proper hygiene practices are essential in healthcare settings.
Which of the following is NOT a non-communicable disease: pneumonia, diabetes, or hypertension?
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is classified as a communicable disease.
What is an example of a communicable disease?
Flu-like
Flu-like symptoms often indicate a viral infection that can spread from person to person.
What term describes scattered cases like rabies?
Sporadic
Sporadic diseases occur infrequently and irregularly.
What is the vector for schistosomiasis?
Snail
Snails are the intermediate hosts for Schistosoma parasites.
What is the causative agent of rheumatic heart fever?
Streptococcus
Rheumatic heart fever can occur after an infection with Streptococcus bacteria.
What is a common history of rheumatic heart fever?
Sore throat
A history of streptococcal sore throat is often linked to rheumatic heart fever.
What diagnostic tool is used for rheumatic heart fever?
Echocardiogram
An echocardiogram can assess heart function and damage caused by rheumatic fever.
