Part 2 Flashcards
Each trigeminal nerve is a short nerve trunk composed of
Two closely adapted roots
The roots consist of
A thicker sensory root and a thinner motor root
Where does the trigeminal nerve originate?
Anterior to petrous portion of temporal bone
What is the trigeminal ganglion?
Bulge in the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve
List the three trigeminal nerve branches
V1 Opthalmic
V2 Maxillary
V3 Mandibular
Which division of trigeminal nerve is the smallest?
V1 Ophthalmic
What does the parasympathetic portion of the ophthalmic division do?
Nerve innervation in the lacrimal gland
Ophthalmic division is comprised of three branches called
Frontal Nerve
Lacrimal Nerve
Nasociliary Nerve
What nerves are responsible for the production of tears?
Lacrimal nerve parasympathetic nerves
Maxillary nerve is formed in the
Pterygopalatine fossa
Where is the pterygopalatine ganglion located?
Just inferior to maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa
Maxillary branches are all what type of nerve?
Afferent (Sensory)
List the 8 Maxillary nerve branches
- Zygomatic Nerve
- Infraoribtial Nerve
- Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
- Middle Superior Alveolar Nerve
- Posterior Superior Alveolar Nerve
- Greater Palatine Nerve
- Lesser Palatine Nerve
- Nasopalatine Nerve
Function of zygomatic nerve
Provides sensation from the skin of the cheek in the zygomatic bone region and from the skin of the temporal region
Zygomatic nerve branch path
Zygomatic nerve carries parasympathetic fibers for lacrimal gland – Inferior orbital fissure – ptreygopalatine fossa to form the maxillary nerve
What is the largest nerve branch of V2 (Maxillary)
Infraorbital Nerve
Infraorbital nerve branch path
Infraorbital nerve carries sensation for upper lip, medial cheek, lateral side of nose, lower eyelid– infraorbital foramen – pterygopalatine fossa to form the maxillary nerve
Anterior superior alveolar nerve branch path
Anterior superior alveolar nerve originates in pulp of teeth 13-11, 21-23 – infraorbital nerve in the infraorbital canal – pterygopalatine fossa to form the maxillary nerve
Anterior superior alveolar nerve branch serves as an afferent nerve for
Teeth 13-11, 21-23, and associated labial gingiva and labial periodontium to the midline
What is crossover-innervation
Overlap of terminal nerve fibers from the contralateral side (Nerves will cross over the the other side)
How often is the middle superior alveolar nerve present in the population?
30%
Middle superior alveolar nerve branch path
Middle superior alveolar nerve originates in the pulp of max premolar and mesial buccal root of first molar – lateral wall of the maxillary sinus and joins the infraorbital nerve – pterygopalatine fossa to form the maxillary nerve
The middle superior alveolar nerve serves as an afferent nerve for
Maxillary premolars to mesial buccal root of first molars, associated buccal periodontium and buccal gingiva
When the middle superior alveolar nerve is not present, what nerve will serve as an afferent nerve for the maxillary premolars?
The anterior superior alveolar nerve
Posterior superior alveolar nerve branch path
Posterior superior alveolar nerve originates in the pulp of maxillary molars – joins the infraorbital nerve or the maxillary nerve and goes directly into the pterygopalatine fossa
The posterior superior alveolar nerve serves as an afferent nerve for
Maxillary molars (except the MB root of the first molar) and associated buccal periodontium, buccal gingiva, and maxillary sinuses
Greater palatine nerve branch pathway
Greater palatine nerve posterior hard palate and palatal periodontium and gingiva – greater palatine foramen in the horizontal plate of the palatine bone – joins the lesser palatine nerve in the pterygopalatine canal
Greater palatine nerve serves as an afferent nerve for
Posterior hard palate, palatal periodontium and gingiva
Lesser palatine nerve branch path
Lesser palatine nerve soft palate and palatine tonsils – lesser palatine foramen – joins the greater palatine foramen in the pterygopalatine canal
Lesser palatine nerve serves as an afferent nerve for
Soft palate and palatine tonsils
Clinical considerations when administering local anaesthetic in greater palatine nerve block
LA can cause gag reflex and discomfort
Nasopalatine nerve branch path
Nasopalatine nerve anterior hard palate, palatal periodontium, gingiva of maxillary anterior teeth – incisive foramen – incisive canal – nasal septum – meets maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa
The largest of the three divsions of the Trigeminal nerve
V3 Mandibular
The main nerve trunk of the Mandibular nerve two branches are
Meningeal Nerve
Medial Pterygoid Nerve
Is the Mengingeal afferent or efferent?
Afferent
Is the medial pterygoid afferent or efferent?
Efferent
Pathway of the anterior trunk of the mandibular branch is formed by the merger of the
Buccal nerve and additional muscular nerve branches (Deep temporal nerve, masseteric nerve, lateral pterygoid nerve)
Posterior nerve branches of the mandibular nerve
Auriculotemporal
Lingual
Inferior Alveolar
Mental
Incisive
Mylohyoid
The buccal nerve innervates
Skin of cheek, buccal mucosa, and buccal gingiva of mandibular posterior teeth
The buccal long nerve innervates
Tissues not teeth
The lingual nerve innervates
Body of tongue, floor of mouth and lingual gingiva of all mandibular teeth. TISSUES NOT TEETH
The inferior alveolar nerve innervates
All lower molars
The incisive nerve innervates
Mandibular anterior teeth and premolars
Branches of the facial nerve
Greater Petrosal Nerve
Chorda Tympani Nerve
Posterior Auricular Nerve
Stylohyoid Nerve
Posterior Diagastric Nerve
Temporal Nerve
Zygomatic Nerve
Mandibular Nerve
Buccal Nerve
Cervical Nerve
5 branches to the muscles of facial expression
Temporal Nerve
Zygomatic Nerve
Mandibular Nerve
Buccal Nerve
Cervical Nerve
