part 2

Question 1

coined the term “atomos”
atoms were uniform, solid, hard,
incompressible, indestructible. and
that they moved in infinite
numbers through empty space
until stopped.

Answer 1

DEMOCRITUS - Democritus was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. Democritus was born in Abdera, Thrace, around 460 BC, although there are disagreements about the exact year.

Question 2

Billiard Ball Model Matter is made up of atoms
All atoms of a given element are
alike Atoms enter into a combination
with other atoms to form
compound but remain unchanged
during ordinary chemical reaction. Atom can combine into simple
numerical ratios

Answer 2

JOHN DALTON (1803) - john Dalton FRS was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. He is best known for introducing the atomic theory into chemistry,

Question 3

Raisin Bread Model
Its shows the atom as composed of
electrons scattered throughout a
spherical cloud of positive charge
No nucleus, didn’t explain later
experimental observations
Discovered electrons

Answer 3

J. J. THOMPSON (1904) - suggested a model of the atom, hypothesizing that it was a sphere of positive matter within which electrostatic forces determined the positioning of the corpuscles.

Question 4

Gold Foil Experiment
Atom is mostly an empty space with
positive charge concentrated in the
center

Answer 4

ERNEST RUTHERFORD (1911) - Rutherford discovered the atomic nucleus, using a “scattering” experiment, diagramed at right, that would become a classic technique of particle physics.

Question 5

Planetary Model
Electrons moved around the nucleus in
orbits of fixed sized and energies

Answer 5

NIELS BOHR (1913) - In 1913, Niels Bohr proposed a theory for the hydrogen atom, based on quantum theory that some physical quantities only take discrete values.

Question 6

Quantum Mechanical Model
He stated that electrons do not move in
set paths around the nucleus, but in
waves.
“clouds of probability”

Answer 6

ERWIN SCHRODINGER - Schrodinger discovered one of the foundations of quantum mechanics,

Question 7

equal to electrons
equal to the atomic number

Answer 7

PROTONS - is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom.

Question 8

mass number - atomic number and uncharged

Answer 8

NEUTRONS - is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom except that of simple hydrogen

Question 9

equal to the atomic number , protons charged

Answer 9

ELECTRONS - a negatively charged subatomic particle that can be either bound to an atom or free (not bound).

Question 10

FIND PROTON

Answer 10

The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom is equal to the atomic number (Z).

Question 10

ISOTOPE SYMBOLS

Answer 10

A- MASS NUMBER, PROTON + NEUTRONS
X- ELEMENT
Z - ATOMIC NUMBER

Question 11

FIND NEUTRON

Answer 11

The number of neutrons in an atom can be calculated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass

Question 12

FIND ELECTRON

Answer 12

The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the atomic number of an element, for neutrally charged species

Question 13

determines the size of particle, n ,123

Answer 13

PRINCIPAL

Question 14

DETERMINE THE SHAPE S,P,D,F. VALUE IS EQUAL TO THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ANGUALR NODES IN THE ORBITAL. I . 0 TO (N-1)

Answer 14

AZIMUTHAL

Question 15

DETERMINE THE ORIENTATION M OR ML -1 TO +1

Answer 15

MAGNETIC

Question 16

GIVES INSIGHT TO THE DIRECTION OF THE SPIN OR ROTATION. S OR MS -1/2 OR +1/2

Answer 16

ELECTRON SPIN

Question 17

no electrons can have
the same set of 4
quantum numbers

Answer 17

PAULI’S
EXCLUSION
PRINCIPLE

Question 18

the e-momentum and
position is impossible to
determine simultaneously.

Answer 18

HEISENBERG’S
UNCERTAINTY
PRINCIPLE

Question 19

lower energy levels are
filled up first

Answer 19

AUFBAU PRINCIPLE

Question 20

Orbitals are filled up singly
before pairing up

Answer 20

HUND’S RULE OF
MAXIMUM MULTIPLICITY

Question 21

tried grouping the elements as non metals

Answer 21

ANTOINE LAVOISIER(1789) - was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the 18th-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.

Question 22

he arranged the elements
in groups of three in
increasing order of atomic
weight and called them
“triads”
.

Answer 22

JOHANN
WOLFGANG - was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic. His works include plays, poetry, literature, and aesthetic criticism as well as treatises on botany, anatomy, and colour.

Question 23

created the framework that
became the modern periodic
table. predicted the properties of
some undiscovered elements
and gave them names such
as “eka-aluminum”

Answer 23

DMITRI
MENDELEEV - a Russian chemist and inventor. He is best known for formulating the Periodic Law and creating a version of the periodic table of elements.

Question 24

produced a version of the periodic table similar to mendeleev in 1870

Answer 24

LOTHAR MEYER - German chemist. He was one of the pioneers in developing the earliest versions of the periodic table of the chemical elements

Question 25

ARRANGE ELEMENTS ARRANGE ACCORDING TO ATOMIC NUMBERS

Answer 25

HENRY MOSLEY as an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number.

Question 25

ELEMENTS ARE ARRANGE ACCORDING TO ATOMIC NUMBERS

Answer 25

HENRY MOSLEY as an English physicist, whose contribution to the science of physics was the justification from physical laws of the previous empirical and chemical concept of the atomic number.