Part 1.2 Flashcards
The psychological correlate of frequency is…
a) Loudness
b) Quality
c) Pitch
d) Spectrum
c) Pitch
You can divide sound into two categories: psychological, which is subjective and interpreted by the individual, and empirical, which is measurable by instrument.
The type of hearing loss caused by accumulation of wax in the ear canal is…
a) Conductive
b) Mixed
c) Central
d) Sensorineural
a) Conductive
Conductive loss indicators:
Outer or Middle Ear pathology. Air-bone gap, BC scores are within normal range, flat tympanogram, excellent word recognition scores, elevated UCL and wide dynamic range. Hears own voice through bone, thus speaks more softly, even in loud environments.
Sensorineural loss indicators:
Inner ear (cochlear or neural) dysfunction. Sloping or sharply sloping high frequency loss, reduced word recognition ability, normal tymp, high pitched tinnitus, no air-bone gap, reduced dynamic range, recruitment. Own voice doesn’t sound normal unless talking loudly.
Mixed loss indicators:
Flat to sloping AC, air-bone gap but normal BC at some frequencies, weak to excellent word recognition scores, flat or abnormal tymp.
Central loss indicators:
The problem lies in the central nervous system. Central hearing loss occurs when there is a pathologic condition above the junction of the acoustic nerve and the brainstem.
Normal audiogram, poor SRT and poor WRS.
Intensity is expressed in…
a) Decibels
b) Cycles per second
c) Milliseconds
d) Milliamperes
a) Decibels
Which of the following batteries is least likely to be used in hearing aids.
a) Zinc oxide
b) Mercury
c) 312
d) AA
b) Mercury
It has mercury in it.
Sound is least effective in traveling through…?
a) Air
b) Water
c) Steel
d) Vacuum
d) Vacuum
Sound is the fact of particles bumping against each other.
No particles and no sound.
A sound consisting of a single frequency and intensity is called what?
a) Compression
b) Rarefaction
c) A puretone
d) A masker
c) A puretone
Standards for measurements of hearing aid characteristics are determined by what?
a) Veteran’s Administration
b) American National Standards Institute
c) Food and Drug Administration
d) Federal Trade Commission
b) American National Standards Institute
Pitch is to frequency as loudness is to _____?
a) Timbre
b) Intensity
c) Quality
d) Tone
b) Intensity
Another psychological v empirical question.
The Eustachian tube in adults is normally _____?
a) Patent (open)
b) Horizontal
c) Vertical
d) Closed
d) closed
It is often open in children, which is why they are sometimes prone
to earaches and so on.
High frequencies are normally analyzed near the _____?
a) Modiolus
b) Helicotrema
c) Apex of the cochlea
d) Base of the cochlea
d) Base of the cochlea
High frequencies are going to have more waves per inch, and that is going to result in more chances for the wave to be picked up before it reaches any distance into the ear.
Cochlea
The presence of fluid in the middle ear is called_____?
a) tympanosclerosis
b) cholesteatoma
c) mastoiditis
d) otitis media
d) otitis media
A condition in which there is calcification of tissue in the eardrum
and middle ear.
White, chalky calcium deposits, caused by a degeneration of the tissue on the eardrum.
Tympanosclerosis
An abnormal skin growth in the middle ear behind the eardrum is called:
Cholesteatoma
Repeated infections and/or a tear or pulling inward of the eardrum can allow skin into the middle ear. Cholesteatomas often develop as cysts or pouches that shed layers of old skin, which build up inside the middle ear. Also symptom of poor eustachian tube function.
Infection that may spread from the ear to the mastoid bone.
The bone has a honeycomb-like structure that fills with infected material and may break down.
The condition is most common in children.
Mastoiditis
An infection of the middle ear is called _____?
a) eczema
b) otosclerosis
c) serious otitis media
d) suppurative otitis media
d) suppurative otitis media
Hearing loss due to exposure to blast noise is called _____?
a) Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS)
b) Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS)
c) acoustic trauma
d) noise induced
c) acoustic trauma
The key here are the words ‘blast’ and ‘trauma.’
The cause for suppurative otitis media could be _____?
a) a blocked Eustachian tube
b) glue ear
c) otosclerosis
d) otitis media
a) a blocked Eustachian tube
Supparative means it is going to fester. If the Eustachian tube is blocked the ear can’t properly drain, so it ‘suppurates.’
Congenital defects are present at _____?
a) birth
b) age 6 months
c) age 1 year
d) age 2 years
a) birth
