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Bioinorganic, take 2 > Part 1 - things to remember > Flashcards

Part 1 - things to remember Flashcards

1
Q

Why is chromium essential?

A

regulation of blood sugar levels

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2
Q

Why is manganese essential?

A

photosynthesis and enzymes

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3
Q

Why is iron essential?

A
  • oxygen transport and storage
  • electron transfer
  • oxidation
  • hydroxylation
  • H+ transfer enzymes
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4
Q

Why is nickel essential?

A

H2 activation and urea hydrolysis

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5
Q

Why is cobalt essential?

A

B12 coenzyme

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6
Q

Why is copper essential?

A
  • enzymes for phenol, amino acid and sugar oxidation

- electron transfer outside the cytoplasm

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7
Q

Why is zinc essential?

A

enzymes for difficult hydrolysis and hydride transfer

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8
Q

why is selenium essential

A

defence against oxidative stress

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9
Q

why is fluorine essential

A

initiates bone growth and inhibits dental decay

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10
Q

why is vanadium essential

A

nitrogen fixation enzymes in sea urchins

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11
Q

why is tungsten essential?

A

oxioreductase enzymes

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12
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Ca

A

retarded skeletal growth

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13
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Mg

A

muscle cramps and convulsions

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14
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Fe, Co, Cu

A

anemia

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15
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Zn, Ni, Mn, Mo

A

inhibited growth

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16
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Mn

A

infertility

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17
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Cr

A

Diabetes symptoms

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18
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in Se

A

muscular weakness

19
Q

What happens when someone is deficient in As

A

impaired animal growth

20
Q

What happens when someone has an excess of Mo

A

anemia

21
Q

What happens when someone has an excess of Ni, Cr

A

lung disease

22
Q

What happens when someone has an excess of Co

A

heart failure

23
Q

What happens when someone has an excess of Mn

A

psychiatric disorders

24
Q

What happens when someone is poisoned by Al

A

anemia, dimentia, death

25
Q

What happens when someone is poisoned by Be

A

lung cancer

26
Q

What happens when someone is poisoned by Cd

A

kidney damage

27
Q

What happens when someone is poisoned by Pb

A

anemia and brain damage

28
Q

What happens when someone is poisoned by Sr

A

bone marrow damage

29
Q

What happens when someone is poisoned by Tl

A

neurotoxin

30
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Ca (2+)

A
  • 6
  • phosphates
  • AG
31
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Mg (2+)

A
  • 6
  • phosphates
  • AG
32
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Zn (2+)

A
  • 4

- HCGA

33
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Fe/Co/Ni (2+)

A
  • 6

- HAG

34
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Fe (3+)

A
  • 6

- GATC

35
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Cu (+)

A
  • 3/4

- HCM

36
Q

Describe the typical coordination environment of Cu (2+)

A

-H

37
Q

What complexation can occur with a Mg(2+) ion

A
  • 0.72

- Chlorophyll

38
Q

What complexation can occur with a Mn(3+) ion

A
  • 0.6

- synthetic oxidation catalysts

39
Q

What complexation can occur with a Fe(2+) low spin ion

A
  • 0.61

- Haem

40
Q

What complexation can occur with a Fe(3+) high spin ion

A
  • 0.65

- Haem

41
Q

What complexation can occur with a Co(2+) low spin ion

A
  • 0.65

- cobalimins

42
Q

What complexation can occur with a Ni(2+) ion

A
  • 0.69

- F430

43
Q

Describe the bonding in a plastocyanin copper centre

A
  • flattened tetrahedral structure

- Two His, One Met, One cys

Bioinorganic, take 2 (5 decks)

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