part 1 - prevention of disease transmission

Question 1

what is gram staining

Answer 1

a four step staining process used to separate bacteria into groups
- gram positive: class of bacteria that hold dye
- gram negative: class of bacteria that does not hold dye stain

Question 2

what are the mode of transmission

Answer 2

direct - person to person contact
indirect - microorganisms are first transmitted to object then transferred to another person
airborne - spread of disease through droplets of moisture
parenteral - transmission through skin
blood-borne - direct or indirect contact with blood and other fluids
food and water - contaminated food
fecal-oral - proper sanitization procedures are not followed

Question 3

what are the potential sources of he b virus

Answer 3

blood and body fluids

Question 4

what are the times and temps for sterilizeres

Answer 4

steam autoclave - 273 F for 3-10 minutes or 250 f for 15-30 minutes

chemical vapor steri - 270 f for 20-40 minutes

dry heat sterilizer - 320f-375f for various times

static air sterilizer - 1-2 hours

Question 5

what are the methods of sterilization packaging for each method

Answer 5

steam steri - paper wrap, nylon tubing, peel pouches, wrapped cassettes

dry heat - paper wrap, nylon tube, closed containers

unsaturated chemical vapor - paper wrap, peel pouches, wrapped cassettes

Question 6

what are the steps of instrument processing

Answer 6

1. transport
2. clean
3. package
4. sterilize
5. storage
6. delivery
7. quantity

Question 7

what are critical, semi-critical and nnon-critical instruments

Answer 7

critical instruments - items used to penetrate soft tissue or bone

semi-critical instruments - touch mucous membrance or non-intact skin and have lower risk for transmission

non-critical - only contact intact skin

Question 8

what are the classifications of waste

Answer 8

hazardous - poses risk to human or environment
infectious - includes biologic materials capable of transmitting infectious agent
regulated waste - pose risk to humand and environement
toxic waste - can be toxic to humans

Question 9

contraindications for using dental unit water during procedure

Answer 9

surgeries, and when bone, soft tissue, and blood is exposed

Question 10

what are the types of occupational exposures

Answer 10

I - routinely exposed to blood, saliva or both
II - may on occasion be exposed to blood, saliva, or both
III - never exposed to blood, saliva or both