Part 1: Plant Terms Flashcards
What is the difference between primary succession and secondary succession?
Primary Succession- Occurs in an environment in which new substrate devoid of vegetation and other organisms usually lacking soil (such as a lava flow or area left from retreated glacier, is deposited)
Secondary Sucession- The series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. Examples include areas which have been cleared of existing vegetation (such as after tree-felling in a woodland) and destructive events such as fires.
What is the difference between old field and old growth?
Old Field- Land no longer under cultivation because thefertility of the soil has been exhausted.
Old Growth- Forest growth consisting of mature or overmaturetrees.
For forest structure, what is the canopy, sub canopy layer, and seedling layer?
Canopy- Top layer of leaves on a tree
Sub canopy layer- Middle layer of tree
Seedling layer- The ground where seeds are dispersed
What are annual plants?
An annual plant is a plant that completes its life cycle, from germination to the production of seed, within one year, and then dies. Summer annuals germinate during spring or early summer and mature by autumn of the same year.
What are perennial plants?
Perennials, especially small flowering plants, that grow and bloom over the spring and summer, die back every autumn and winter, and then return in the spring from their rootstock, are known as herbaceous perennials.
What are dioecious plants?
What are monoecious plants?
Dioecious- Having male flowers on one plant and female flowers on another plant of the same species
Monoecious- female plants and some female flowers on male plants. Ilex or Hollies are Dioecious, and a male plant should be planted. with several female plants for good fruit production. Monoecious plants have separate male and female flowers on. the same plant.
What is the difference between a gall and a clonal growth?
Gall- Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from fungi and bacteria, to insects and mites
Clonal Growth-A clonal colony or genet is a group of genetically identical individuals, such as plants, fungi, or bacteria, that have grown in a given location, all originating vegetatively, not sexually, from a single ancestor
What are invasive species?
Invasive species are plants, animals, or pathogens that are non-native (or alien) to the ecosystem under consideration and whose introduction causes or is likely to cause harm.
What’s the difference between alternate and opposite leaves?
Alternate- An alternate arrangement is when the leaves are arranged in an alternating fashion along a stem.
Opposite- An opposite arrangement is when the leaves are arranged on a stem directly across from one another
What are compound leaves?
A leaf of a plant consisting of several or many distinct parts (leaflets) joined to a single stem.
What is a pinnate leaf?
Types of Compound Leaves. Pinnate (odd): Leaflets are attached along an extension of the petiole called a rachis; there is a terminal leaflet and therefore an odd number of leaflets. Twice pinnate: The leaflets are also divided into leaflets.
What is leaf vexation?
A leaves vein pattern
For leaf margins, what is the difference between entire vs. serrate?
Entire- The term entire refers to leaves that are neither toothed, lobed, or compound, i.e. simple with smooth margins. Sinuous or sinuate: show all. Margins with more or less wavy or sinuous structure in the plane of the leaf.
Serrate- Having a saw-toothed edge or margin notched with toothlike projections: serrate leaves. 2. Forming a row of small sharp projections resembling the teeth of a saw
What is a brown field?
Brownfields are real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.
What is an impermeable surface?
Impervious surfaces are mainly artificial structures—such as pavements (roads, sidewalks, driveways and parking lots) that are covered by impenetrable materials such as asphalt, concrete, brick, stone—and rooftops.
