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MTAP - Virology Book (Finals) > Part 1 (Intro-DNA Viruses) > Flashcards

Part 1 (Intro-DNA Viruses) Flashcards

Adenoviridae, Hepadnaviridae, Herpesviridae, Papillomaviridae, Parvoviridae, Polyomaviridae, Poxviridae

1
Q

Number of families under DNA viruses

A

Seven

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2
Q

Number of families under RNA viruses

A

Fourteen

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3
Q

Viral members of Adenoviridae

A

Human adenovirus

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4
Q

Viral members of Hepadnaviridae

A

Hepa B virus

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5
Q

Viral members of Herpesviridae

A

HSV types I and II, VZV, CMV, EBV, human herpes viruses 6, 7, and 8

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6
Q

Viral members of Papillomaviridae

A

Human papilloma viruses

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7
Q

Viral members of Parvoviridae

A

Parvovirus B-19

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8
Q

Viral members of Polyomaviridae

A

BK and JC polyomaviruses

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9
Q

Viral members of Poxviridae

A

Variola, vaccinia, orf, molluscum contagiosum, monkeypox viruses

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10
Q

Viral members of Arenaviridae

A

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, Lassa fever virus

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11
Q

Viral members of Astroviridae

A

Gastroenteritis-causing astroviruses

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12
Q

Viral members of Bunyaviridae

A

Arboviruses, (California encephalitis and Lacrosse viruses) nonarboviruses, (sin nombre), and related hantaviruses

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13
Q

Viral members of Caliciviridae

A

Noroviruses and hepatitis E virus

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14
Q

Viral members of Coronaviridae

A

Coronaviruses (including SARS coronavirus)

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15
Q

Viral members of Filoviridae

A

Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fever viruses

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16
Q

Viral members of Flaviviridae

A

Arboviruses ( including yellow fever, dengue, West Nile, Japanese encephalitis, and St. Louis encephalitis viruses) nonarboviruses (including hepatitis C virus)

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17
Q

Viral members of Orthomyxoviridae

A

Influenza A, B and C viruses

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18
Q

Viral members of Paramyxoviridae

A

Parainfluenza viruses, mumps virus, measles virus, RSV, metapneumovirus, Nipah virus

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19
Q

Viral members of Picornaviridae

A

Polio viruses, coxsackie A viruses, coxsackie B viruses, echoviruses, enteroviruses 68-71, enterovirus 72 (hepatitis A virus), rhinoviruses

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20
Q

Viral members of Reoviridae

A

Rotavirus spp., Colorado tick fever virus

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21
Q

Viral members of Retroviridae

A

HIV types 1 and 2, HTLV types 1 and 2

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22
Q

Viral members of Rhabdoviridae

A

Rabies virus

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23
Q

Viral members of Togaviridae

A

Eastern, Western, and Venezuela equine encephalitis viruses, rubella virus

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24
Q

Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genome; icosahedral capsid, no envelope; approximately 50 human serotypes

A

Adenovirus

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25
Q

Adenovirus is first isolated from cultures of?

A

Adenoids and tonsils (1950s)

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26
Q

Site of latency of Adenovirus

A

Replication in oropharynx

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27
Q

Adenovirus serotypes 40 and 41 causes

A

Gastroenteritis in infants and children

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28
Q

Other adenovirus serotypes causes

A

Conjunctivitis and Keratitis

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29
Q

MOT of Adenovirus

A

Respiratory, fecal-oral, and direct contact (eye)

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30
Q

Diseases associated with Adenovirus (7)

A

Pharyngitis, pharyngoconjunctival fever, keratoconjunctivitis, pneumonia, hemorrhagic cystitis, disseminated disease, and gastroenteritis in children

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31
Q

What serotypes of Adenovirus is associated with respiratory epidemic in military recruits?

A

Serotypes 4 and 7

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32
Q

Pleomorphic, icosahedral enveloped viruses containing circular, partially double-stranded DNA

A

Hepadnavirus

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33
Q

Virion is called as

A

Dane particle

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34
Q

The surface antigen in hepadnavirus is called

A

Australia antigen

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35
Q

MOT of Hepadnavirus

A

Percutaneous exposure to blood, perinatal or sexual contact, direct contact

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36
Q

Site of Latency of Hepadnavirus

A

Liver

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37
Q

The most reliable marker for identifying HBV infection.

A

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

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38
Q

This antigen indicates the patient is in convalescence or previously vaccinated and has developed immunity.

A

Anti-HBsAg (antibody to surface antigen)

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39
Q

Presence of this indicates high infectivity and a chronic carrier state.

A

HBeAg (hepatitis B e antigen)

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40
Q

The best indication of active viral replication and a high state of infectivity

A

HBV DNA in the serum

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41
Q

Herpes is derived from the greek word which means

42
Q

Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genome; icosahedral capsid with envelope; at least eight human viruses is known

A

Herpesvirus

43
Q

Name the 8 herpes virus known

A

HSV-1, HSV-2, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus (HHV)-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8

44
Q

MOT of HSV-1 and HSV-2

A

Direct contact with infected secretions

45
Q

Site of Latency of HSV-1 and HSV-2

A

Sensory nerve ganglia

46
Q

HSV-1 infection occurs at

A

Oropharyngeal mucosa

47
Q

HSV-2 infection occurs at

A

Genital sites

48
Q

The lesions from HSV-1 and HSV-2 are referred to

A

herpes labialis, facialis, or febrilis; orolabial lesions

49
Q

Samples of herpes viru should be inoculated into cell culture within

A

1 hour after collection

50
Q

Herpes that causes a classic childhood disease, chicken pox and is characterized by the appearance of maculopapular rash

A

Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV)

51
Q

MOT of Varicella-Zoster

A

Close personal contact, especially respiratory

52
Q

Site of latency 0f VZV

A

Dorsal root ganglia

53
Q

VZV infects

A

Conjunctiva or mucosa of the upper respiratory tract, lymph nodes

54
Q

Initial infection of VZV where infected T cells enters the blood stream is called

A

Primary Viremia

55
Q

The second round of infection where the VZV infects the skin cells -> vesicular rash of chicken pox is called

A

Secondary Viremia

56
Q

After a period of latency, the virus may initiate another acute infectious cycle. This reactivation produces the characteristic recurrent disease known as

57
Q

Shingles may be accompanied by a painful condition known as

A

Postherpetic neuralgia.

58
Q

The herpes virus responsible for the disease infectious mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)

59
Q

MOT of EBV

A

Close contact with infected saliva

60
Q

Site of Latency of EBV

A

B lymphocytes

60
Q

Disease caused by EBV

A

Infectious mononucleosis, progressive lymphoreticular disease, oral hairy leukoplakia in patients with HIV

61
Q

The nonspecific heterophile antibodies that appear early during mononucleosis is called

A

Paul-Bunnell antibodies

62
Q

The final diagnostic serologic marker of Burkitt lymphoma is called

A

Nuclear antigen (EBNA)

63
Q

TORCH is an acronym for

A

Toxoplasma, Rubella, CMV and HSV-1

64
Q

Another herpes virus that is a common cause of congenital birth defects and has been found to cause an mononucleosis-like illness

A

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

65
Q

MOT of CMV

A

Close contact with infected secretions, blood transfusions (WBCs), organ transplants, transplacental

66
Q

Site of Latency of CMV

A

WBCs, endothelial cells, cells in a variety of organs

67
Q

Herpes virus associated with the childhood disease roseola (exanthem subitum), both a lymphotropic viruses

A

HHV-6 and HHV-7

68
Q

MOT of HHV-6 and HHV-7

A

Close contact via respiratory route;

69
Q

Site of Latency of HHV-6 and HHV-7

A

T lymphocytes (CD4 cells)

70
Q

A unique feature of the herpes virus family is their

A

Hallmark of latency (reactivation)

71
Q

Small, nonenveloped, circular, icosahedram capsid double- stranded DNA viruses.

A

Papillomaviruses

72
Q

Member of Papillomaviridae family that causes human warts which exhibit a tissue tropism for either cutaneous or mucosal tissue.

A

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs).

73
Q

HPV-1 is associated with

A

Plantar warts

74
Q

HPV-2 and HPV-4 are associated with

A

Common warts of the hands

75
Q

HPV-6 and HPV-11 and others are associated with

A

Genital warts

76
Q

MOT of HPV

A

Direct contact, sexual contact for genital warts

77
Q

Site of Latency of HPV

A

Epithelial tissue

78
Q

Other disease associated with HPV

A

Skin and genital warts, benign head and neck tumors, anogenital warts

79
Q

Parvus is a latin term which means

80
Q

This virus is a nonenveloped, icosahedral, single-stranded DNA virus that may appear spherical on electron microscopy.

A

Parvovirus

81
Q

The only parvovirus infective to human is

A

Parvovirus B-19

82
Q

MOT of Parvovirus B-19

A

Close contact, probably respiratory

83
Q

Disease associated with Parvovirus

A

Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), aplastic crises in patients with chronic hemolytic anemias,
and fetal infection and stillbirth

84
Q

Are small, nonenveloped, circular, double-stranded DNA viruses that have been isolated from many species, including humans

A

Polyomavirus

85
Q

The first human polyomaviruses are

A

JC (John Cunningham) and BK (a patient who had renal transplant) virus

86
Q

MOT of Polyomavirus

A

Direct contact with infected respiratory secretions

87
Q

Site of Latency of JC and BK polyomavirus

A

Kidney (B lymphocytes)

88
Q

When JC virus reactivates, it results in disease in

A

CNS (Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy)

89
Q

BK virus causes

A

Hemorrhagic cystitis

90
Q

Recently discovered polyomavirus are

A

KI virus, MC virus, and Wu virus

91
Q

MC virus causes

A

Merkell Cell carcinoma

92
Q

The vaccine administered for those who are exposed in simian polyomavirus (SV40) in 1950s and 1960s

A

Salk Polio vaccine

93
Q

The largest and most complex of all viruses; brick-shaped virion with nonconforming symmetry, referred to as complex; double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) genome

A

Poxviridae

94
Q

MOT of small pox

A

Respiratory droplets

95
Q

MOT of Molluscum contagiosum, orf, monkeypox

A

Direct contact

96
Q

This virus played a crucial role in demonstrating the importance of vaccination to protect against disease.

97
Q

Who recognized that milkmaids previously infected with cowpox were immune to infection with the smallpox virus?

A

Edward Jenner (1798)

98
Q

The subtype of smallpox which caused the most severe disease (case fatality rate of 30%), occurred mainly in Asia;

A

Variola major

99
Q

Subtype of smallpox associated with less severe disease and case fatality rates of 0.1% to 2%

A

Variola minor

100
Q

Another member of the poxvirus family which causes single or small clusters of lesions (benign nodules)

A

Molluscum contangiosum virus

101
Q

Another member of the poxvirus family and is transmitted from sheep to humans through human direct contact with infected sheep

MTAP - Virology Book (Finals) (3 decks)

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