Part 1 - First Occupants Of The Territory Flashcards
What caused a drop in ocean levels 32,000 years ago?
The Earth was in an ice age
What did a drop in ocean levels create?
An immense plain, forming a land bridge between Asia and Alaska
What was the name of the land bridge?
The Bering Straight
How did nomadic hunters make their way over from Asia to the Americas
They tracked game animals while crossing the Bering Staright
What were the 3 language families?
Eskimo-Aleut, Algonquin, Iroquoian
How we’re nations formed?
They developed distinct cultures, languages and ways of life
How did the Inuits live?
They lived in the harsh Arctic climate. They were nomadic; they moved according to seasons.
What were the Inuits primary source of subsistence?
Hunting and fishing
What was an Inuit woman’s role?
They skinned and cleaned the sea mammals or game, prepared meals, hunted small game, fished and gathered eggs, seafood and seaweed. They taught girls how to make clothing and prepare meals
What was an Inuit man’s role?
They hunted, fished built dwellings and made boats, tools and weapons
The boys accompanied the men to learn hunting and fishing techniques and how to build boats
How did the Inuits adapt their dwellings to the seasons?
In winter, they built igloos
In summer, they lived in tents
What means of transportation did Inuits use?
Sleds, kayaks for hunting and travel and umiaks to ransooet several people
What territory did the Algonquins occupy?
A vast territory in North America, that was so immense that the climate and vegetation varied enormously from north to south
What was the Algonquin way of life?
Nomadic; they moved their camp at specific times of the year
What was the Algonquin source of subsistence?
Fish, berries and nuts
What was the role of Algonquin men?
They hunted large game, traded, constructed dwellings and crafted tools
They also taught boys how to hunt and fish
What was the role of Algonquin women?
They gathered berries, nuts, fished, hunted small game, prepared meals and made clothing and crafts.
They also taught girls to make clothing and prepare meals
Where did the Algonquins live and why was it ideal for a nomadic way if life?
In wigwams since they could be taken down and put it quickly and easily
What were the Algonquin means of transportation?
Summer: canoe
Winter: toboggans and snowshoes
Where did the Iroquois live?
In the Vallée du Saint-Laurent and the Great Lakes region.
What was the climate link for the Iroquois?
They were temperate and hot and the land was fertile. This allowed them to practice farming and their means of subsistence
What was the Iroquois’ sources of subsistence?
They hunted, fished and grew mostly corn, squash and beans
What prompted the Iroquois to live a sedentary life?
Farming prompted them to establish villages and settl close to their crops
What were Iroquoian women’s role?
They hunted large game, fished, traded, made weapons and tools, built dwellings and palisades. When in conflict with another nation, the men took up arms and attacked the enemy and defended their village. They taught the boys hunting, fishing and building techniques
What were the Iroquoian women’s role?
They were in charge of agriculture and meal preparation. They hunted small game, collected nuts, berries and maple tree sap and made crafts. They taught girls domestic tasks that were part of their responsibilities
