Part 1 Final 150 Flashcards
Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?
Because of gold, silver, and religious freedom
Virginia company
Is a joint stock operation that granted a charter to start Jamestown
Jamestown
First lasting establishment in America
John Smith
Governor for 2 years- he forced settlers to work and explore. He also built a strong relationship with the Indians
Pocahontas
Brought peace to the village and saved John Smiths life
John Rolfe
Learned how to make and sell tobacco
Tobacco
Saved Jamestown and made Virginia
Bacon’s Rebellion
Wanted to set Jamestown on fire and, it showed people weren’t happy about restrictions
Plymouth Colony
Formed by pilgrims also had the first thanksgiving
Pilgrims
Were separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedoms, founded Plymouth Rock
Mayflower
The ship that the pilgrims came over on.
Mayflower Compact
Laws that all the pilgrims has to agree on
William Bradford
Led the pilgrims, also wrote a famous book explaining the pilgrims lifestyle.
Squanto and Samoset
Tribes that the pilgrims held their first Thanksgiving with
Puritans
Protestants who wanted to reform, strict, did not tolerate other religions.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Formed by puritans, led by John Winthrop
John Winthrop
Founded the Massachusetts Bay Colony
Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams
Kicked out of Massachusetts and formed Rhode Island
Salem Witch Trials
Series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft where many people were killed
William Penn
Founded Pennsylvania and wrote there constitution
Quakers
Everyone was equal in Gods eyes and no church services because they thought they were already saved
Pacifists
People who refused to fight in wars or use force
James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony
Formed Georgia, formed so people could get a fresh start
First Great Awakening
Was a religious revival that swept through the colonies
Triangular Trade
System in which slaves, crops and manufactured goods were traded.
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Franklin wrote Poor Richards Almanac which is a collection of savings and Ben also wrote the first war cartoon
John Peter Zenger Trial
Accused the governor with corruption and was thrown in jail. This helped us lead our way to freedom
Cause of French and Indian War
Trying to fight for the fur trade and more land for the English
Proclamation of 1763
Ended the War and said no expansion west of the Appalachians
The Sugar Act
Lowered tax on molasses to try and stop people from smuggling
The Stamp Act
A tax on almost all printed materials
The Boston Massacre
A fight between the people and redcoats.5 people were killed and the used it as propaganda
The Boston Tea Party
A group from Sons of Liberty boarded a boat and threw all the tea over the side of the ship
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Harsh laws that punished the people in result of the Boston Tea party, also shut the port down
Patrick Henry
Famous quote of “ I’m not a Virginian, but an American”
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
A society founded to protect the rights of the colonies
John Hancock
First person to sign the Deceleration of Independence
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Called for the colonies to have complete independence for Great Britain
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
Signed on July 4th 1776 in Philadelphia wrote by Thomas Jefferson. It explain why the colonies chose to reform a new nation.
Cause of American Revolutionary War
America did not agree on the same things that Britain wanted. Mainly taxation without representation
Loyalists
People that were still loyal to Great Britain
Patriots
Were determined to fight for independence
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Minutemen claimed that the Battle of Lexington was the shot herd around the world.
Bunker Hill where Prescott said don’t fire until you see the white in there eyes
Battle of Saratoga
Christmas Surprise attack that was the turning point of the war
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of suffering without food, clothing or shelter for Washington and his troops.
Battle of Yorktown
Last final battle where Cornwallis surrendered
Benedict Arnold
Hero of the battle of Saratoga. His wife arranged him to get a higher ranking but fails and becomes a spy for GB
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future mankind
Friedrich von Steuben
Drilled the troops at valley forge. He is from Germany.
Francis Marion
Know as the swamp fox, father of guerrilla warfare.
guerrilla warfare
A hit and run technique
Treaty of Paris 1783
3 delegates sent to Paris, to sign the treaty of Paris which ended the war.
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one territory out of lands north of the Ohio river and east of the Mississippi River
Articles of Confederation
A government that failed because it could not raise taxes. It wasn’t strong enough to handle all the problems of the nation
Shays’ Rebellion
Uprising from farmers because taxes were too high and it showed that America needed a new government
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed southern states to count 3/5 of one free person for representation. Allowed for more delegates
The Great Compromise
Established the model for congress that we use today
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
Severed as the supreme laws of the land
Father is James Madison
Signed in 1787
Bill of Rights
1st 10 amendments
1st Amendment
Freedom of speech,religion,press,petition assembly
2nd Amendment
Right to own guns
4th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
5th Amendment
Due process of law
6th Amendment
Right to a speedy, public trial by jury
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legaslative- makes laws
Executive- carries out laws
Judicial- enforces laws
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
Alexander Hamilton
Was a federalist that ran against Thomas Jefferson.
Alien and Sedition Acts
Allowed deportation, a crime to accuse the government
John Sevier
Becomes the governor of the Lost State of Franklin
Natchez Trace
Trails that allowed trade between Mississippi and Nashville
Marbury v Madison
Marburg is a judge trying to get his job finalized but time runs out, he blames it on Madison and sues him. The court finds it unconstitutional.
Judicial review
The court can nullify actions of other branches
McCulloch v Maryland
Court case over states rights. The state of Maryland imposed a tax over a branch of the second bank. The court ruled this unconstitutional
