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US History > Part 1- Final 150 > Flashcards

Part 1- Final 150 Flashcards

1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire land and spread Christianty

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

Joint stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Established by Virginia company

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4
Q

John Smith

A

Governor of Jamestown for the first 2 years

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Well known for saving John Smith’s life and married John Rolfe

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Was the first that learned how to grow and sell tobacco

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

The crop that saved Jamestown

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Riot that goes to Jamestown to show that they were not content with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Colony of the Pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship the Pilgrims came to America on

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Helped America develop its government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

He led the Pilgrims for over 30 years and wrote Of Plymouth Plantation

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Indians who showed the Pilgrims how to grow crops and also where to hunt and fish

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted reform

They were not tolerant of other religions

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Colony formed by Puritans based on the Bible

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Was the Puritan governor and led many to modern day Boston

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

They were kicked out of Massachusetts because of religious beliefs
They formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft

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20
Q

William Penn

A

He founded the colony of Pennsylvania

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant towards other people’s views
Pacifists
Positive treatment towards women and NA

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia was set up as a buffer state between the stronger English colonies and Spanish attack. Also as a places where English debtors and lower class could get a fresh start

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival where the belief that all people are equal to God grows

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25
Triangular Trade
A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies
26
Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon
Poor Richard's Almanack-a collection of witty sayings written by Benjamin Franklin Albany Plan of Union-designed to help the colonies defend against the French Join or Die- first political cartoon
27
John Peter Zenger Trial
His trial led to freedom of the press
28
Cause of French and Indian War
France and England fought over the Ohio River Valley in order to control the fur trade
29
Proclamation of 1763
Halted expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains by settlers to appease Native Americans
30
The Sugar Act
Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling
31
The Stamp Act
Placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies
32
The Boston Massacre
A fight between townspeople and British soldiers used as propaganda
33
The Boston Tea Party
The Sons of Liberty board a England ship and destroy the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor
34
The Intolerable/Coercive Acts
Harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts citizens because of the Boston Tea Party
35
Patrick Henry
Persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act
36
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty
Samuel Adams was the founder. The Sons of Liberty was a group formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation.
37
John Hancock
A well known protest leader who owned a ship named Libety
38
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Pamphlet that encouraged colonists to fight for independence from Great Britain
39
Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance
The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, gave us independence from Great Britain on July 4,1776
40
Cause of American Revolutionary War
Taxation without representation
41
Loyalists
Colonists who were still loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War
42
Patriots
American colonists during the Revolutionary War
43
Battles of Lexington and Concord
Lexington was the battle with the shot heard round the world
44
Battle of Saratoga
The turning point of the Revolutionary War
45
Winter at Valley Forge
A time of terrible suffering, without decent food or clothing, for Washington and his troops
46
Battle of Yorktown
The last major battle of the Revolutionary War
47
Benedict Arnold
The hero of the Battle of Saratoga | Was shot in the leg so his combat career was over
48
Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war
George Washington
49
Marquis de La Fayette
Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind
50
Friedrich von Steuben
Drilled American troops at Valley Forge
51
Francis Marion
Known as the swamp fox and the father of guerrilla warfare
52
Guerrilla warfare
A hit and run war technique
53
Treaty of Paris 1783
Ended the American Revolutionary War
54
Northwest Ordinance of 1787
Created one land territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River First attempt to stop the spread of slavery
55
Articles of Confederation
1st Constitution | Was unsuccessful because it did not have the power to raise taxes and wasn't strong enough
56
Shays’ Rebellion
Was an uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the government taxes on poor farmers Was the cause for new system of government
57
The Great Compromise
Established the model for Congress used to this day
58
The 3/5 Compromise
Allowed Southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one person for representation
59
The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose
James Madison is the father of the Constitution It is the supreme law of the land 1787
60
Bill of Rights
Amendments created to limit the power of the government and protect the rights of the individuals
61
1st Amendment
Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition
62
2nd Amendment
The right to own firearms
63
4th Amendment
Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause
64
5th Amendment
Natural rights cannot be deprived without due process of law
65
6th Amendment
The right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury
66
Three Branches of Government and their purpose
Legislative Branch- law making branch Executive Branch- carries out the laws Judicial Branch- interprets laws and decides if they are Constitutional or not
67
Whiskey Rebellion
A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government
68
Alexander Hamilton
Proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war
69
Alien and Sedition Acts
Alien Act- allowed President to deport aliens | Sedition Act- a crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government
70
John Sevier
1st governor of Tennessee
71
Natchez Trace
The path that farmers traveled to get from Mississippi to Tennessee after they sold their crops
72
Marbury v Madison
The landmark court case that established judicial review
73
Judicial review
Means that the court can nullify actions of other branches
74
McCulloch v Maryland
The state of Maryland imposed a tax over a branch of the Second Bank Federal institutions are superior over states

US History (12 decks)

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