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US History > Part 1- Final 150 > Flashcards

Part 1- Final 150 Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did Europeans come to America to colonize?

A

To acquire land and spread Christianty

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2
Q

Virginia Company

A

Joint stock company that established Jamestown

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3
Q

Jamestown

A

Established by Virginia company

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4
Q

John Smith

A

Governor of Jamestown for the first 2 years

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5
Q

Pocahontas

A

Well known for saving John Smith’s life and married John Rolfe

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6
Q

John Rolfe

A

Was the first that learned how to grow and sell tobacco

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7
Q

Tobacco

A

The crop that saved Jamestown

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8
Q

Bacon’s Rebellion

A

Riot that goes to Jamestown to show that they were not content with being restricted to the coast

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9
Q

Plymouth Colony

A

Colony of the Pilgrims

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10
Q

Pilgrims

A

Separatists who came to the colonies for religious freedom

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11
Q

Mayflower

A

The ship the Pilgrims came to America on

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12
Q

Mayflower Compact

A

Helped America develop its government

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13
Q

William Bradford

A

He led the Pilgrims for over 30 years and wrote Of Plymouth Plantation

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14
Q

Squanto and Samoset

A

Indians who showed the Pilgrims how to grow crops and also where to hunt and fish

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15
Q

Puritans

A

Protestants who wanted reform

They were not tolerant of other religions

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16
Q

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A

Colony formed by Puritans based on the Bible

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17
Q

John Winthrop

A

Was the Puritan governor and led many to modern day Boston

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18
Q

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams

A

They were kicked out of Massachusetts because of religious beliefs
They formed Rhode Island

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19
Q

Salem Witch Trials

A

A series of hearings and prosecutions of people accused of witchcraft

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20
Q

William Penn

A

He founded the colony of Pennsylvania

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21
Q

Quakers

A

Tolerant towards other people’s views
Pacifists
Positive treatment towards women and NA

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22
Q

Pacifists

A

People who refuse to fight

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23
Q

James Oglethorpe’s debtor and buffer colony

A

Georgia was set up as a buffer state between the stronger English colonies and Spanish attack. Also as a places where English debtors and lower class could get a fresh start

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24
Q

First Great Awakening

A

Religious revival where the belief that all people are equal to God grows

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25
Q

Triangular Trade

A

A system in which slaves, crops, and manufactured goods were traded between Africa, the Caribbean, and the American colonies

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26
Q

Poor Richard’s Almanack, Albany Plan of Union and Join or Die Cartoon

A

Poor Richard’s Almanack-a collection of witty sayings written by Benjamin Franklin
Albany Plan of Union-designed to help the colonies defend against the French
Join or Die- first political cartoon

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27
Q

John Peter Zenger Trial

A

His trial led to freedom of the press

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28
Q

Cause of French and Indian War

A

France and England fought over the Ohio River Valley in order to control the fur trade

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29
Q

Proclamation of 1763

A

Halted expansion west of the Appalachian Mountains by settlers to appease Native Americans

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30
Q

The Sugar Act

A

Lowered the tax on molasses to try and convince people to stop smuggling

31
Q

The Stamp Act

A

Placed a tax on almost all printed material in the colonies

32
Q

The Boston Massacre

A

A fight between townspeople and British soldiers used as propaganda

33
Q

The Boston Tea Party

A

The Sons of Liberty board a England ship and destroy the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor

34
Q

The Intolerable/Coercive Acts

A

Harsh laws intended to punish Massachusetts citizens because of the Boston Tea Party

35
Q

Patrick Henry

A

Persuaded the House of Burgesses to take action against the Stamp Act

36
Q

Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty

A

Samuel Adams was the founder. The Sons of Liberty was a group formed to protect the rights of the colonists and fight taxation.

37
Q

John Hancock

A

A well known protest leader who owned a ship named Libety

38
Q

Thomas Paine’s Common Sense

A

Pamphlet that encouraged colonists to fight for independence from Great Britain

39
Q

Declaration of Independence – Year, location, author, significance

A

The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson, gave us independence from Great Britain on July 4,1776

40
Q

Cause of American Revolutionary War

A

Taxation without representation

41
Q

Loyalists

A

Colonists who were still loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War

42
Q

Patriots

A

American colonists during the Revolutionary War

43
Q

Battles of Lexington and Concord

A

Lexington was the battle with the shot heard round the world

44
Q

Battle of Saratoga

A

The turning point of the Revolutionary War

45
Q

Winter at Valley Forge

A

A time of terrible suffering, without decent food or clothing, for Washington and his troops

46
Q

Battle of Yorktown

A

The last major battle of the Revolutionary War

47
Q

Benedict Arnold

A

The hero of the Battle of Saratoga

Was shot in the leg so his combat career was over

48
Q

Lead commander of the Patriots troops in the war

A

George Washington

49
Q

Marquis de La Fayette

A

Believed that the future of America had a great influence on the future of mankind

50
Q

Friedrich von Steuben

A

Drilled American troops at Valley Forge

51
Q

Francis Marion

A

Known as the swamp fox and the father of guerrilla warfare

52
Q

Guerrilla warfare

A

A hit and run war technique

53
Q

Treaty of Paris 1783

A

Ended the American Revolutionary War

54
Q

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

A

Created one land territory out of the lands North of the Ohio River and East of the Mississippi River
First attempt to stop the spread of slavery

55
Q

Articles of Confederation

A

1st Constitution

Was unsuccessful because it did not have the power to raise taxes and wasn’t strong enough

56
Q

Shays’ Rebellion

A

Was an uprising by Massachusetts farmers to fight the government taxes on poor farmers
Was the cause for new system of government

57
Q

The Great Compromise

A

Established the model for Congress used to this day

58
Q

The 3/5 Compromise

A

Allowed Southern states to count slaves as 3/5 of one person for representation

59
Q

The US Constitution – Father of, year, and purpose

A

James Madison is the father of the Constitution
It is the supreme law of the land
1787

60
Q

Bill of Rights

A

Amendments created to limit the power of the government and protect the rights of the individuals

61
Q

1st Amendment

A

Freedom of speech, religion, assembly, press, and petition

62
Q

2nd Amendment

A

The right to own firearms

63
Q

4th Amendment

A

Protects against unreasonable searches and seizures without probable cause

64
Q

5th Amendment

A

Natural rights cannot be deprived without due process of law

65
Q

6th Amendment

A

The right to a speedy, public trial by an impartial jury

66
Q

Three Branches of Government and their purpose

A

Legislative Branch- law making branch
Executive Branch- carries out the laws
Judicial Branch- interprets laws and decides if they are Constitutional or not

67
Q

Whiskey Rebellion

A

A civil uprising against the taxing power of the federal government

68
Q

Alexander Hamilton

A

Proposed a plan that would have the federal government take care of the state debts from the war

69
Q

Alien and Sedition Acts

A

Alien Act- allowed President to deport aliens

Sedition Act- a crime to speak or write false criticisms to try and weaken the government

70
Q

John Sevier

A

1st governor of Tennessee

71
Q

Natchez Trace

A

The path that farmers traveled to get from Mississippi to Tennessee after they sold their crops

72
Q

Marbury v Madison

A

The landmark court case that established judicial review

73
Q

Judicial review

A

Means that the court can nullify actions of other branches

74
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

The state of Maryland imposed a tax over a branch of the Second Bank
Federal institutions are superior over states

US History (12 decks)

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