part 1: Australia and its people Flashcards
Pledge
From this time forward, under God I pledge my loyalty to Australia and its people whose democratic beliefs I share whose rights and liberties I respect and whose laws I will uphold and obey
where are historical Aboriginal people from?
- mainland Australia and Tasmania
- Lived here between 40 000 - 60 000 years
where are the Torres Strait Islanders from?
From the islands to the north of Queensland. Have distinct cultural identity.
When did the first fleet arrive and how many convict ships were there?
26 January 1788
11 convict ships
where were the convicts transported? what state?
NEW SOUTH WALES
Who was the first governor of the colony of New South Wales
Captain Arthur Phillip
when was gold discovered?
1851
discovered in NSW and VIC
large number of Chinese
10 years population of Chinese more than doubled
When were the colonies united?
1901
what were the colonies united under
colonies united under a federation of states called the COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
(population = 4 million excluding aboriginals)
4 reasons people come to Australia
1) join family members
2) make new life in a young country
3) escape poverty
4) escape war or persecution
current population
over 24 million
What does Australia aim for?
- build a cohesive and unified nation
how many languages spoken in Australia
over 200 languages
how many states and territories?
6 states
2 mainland territories
Australian Capital City
Canberra
NSW cap city?
Sydney
Vic
Melbourne
Qld
Brisbane
WA
Perth
SA
Adelaide
TAS
Hobart
ACT
Canberra
NT
Darwin
About NSW
ICONS
First colony established
cap cit: Sydney (nations largest city)
national icons; Sydney Harbour Bridge and Opera House
about VIC
- smallest mainland state
- Many fine building in Vic were built from wealth created by the gold rush of the 1850’s.
- Cap city: Brisbane
Queensland
- seconds largest state
- Torres Strait islands in north
- tropical rainforests, temperate costal areas, dry inlands
- Great barrier Reef runs along the eastern coast
- cap cit: Brisbane
WA
largest state
- east of state = desert
- south-west = rich agriculture + wine growing
- 3/4 state pop live in Perth
SA
- rugged coastline + many famous wine regions
- cap cit: Adelaide = examples of fine colonial architecture `
Tasmania
- smallest state
- separated from mainland by BASS STRAIT
- unspoilt wilderness landscapes
- cap cit: Hobart
ACT
- found between Sydney and Melb
- site of nations cap cit Canberra
- Parliament house + High Court of Australia
Northern Territory
- has the tropics north
- red desert soil in south
- small pop live in Darwin + along main highway between Alice Springs and Darwin
( main town near centre of AUS)`
what happens on the eve of Australia Day
PM announces Australia of the Year award in Canberra
ANZAC DAY
when and why? `
-25th April each year
- Anzac day named after A.N.Z.A.C
landed in Gallipoli in turkey during WW1 on
25th April 1915
ANZAC stands for
Australia and New Zealand Army corps
why is ANZAC day celebrated
remember the sacrifice of all Australian who served and died in wars, conflicts and peace keeping operations
- also honour the courage and commitment of all servicemen and woman
Commonwealth Coat of Arms
represents
( symbol of the commonwealth of Australia)
national unity
- identifies the authority and property of Australia
what does the shield in the centre represent?
six states and federation
kangaroo and emu support shield on each side. significance?
kangaroos = native Australian animals Emus = native Australian Bird
what is Asutralia’s National Flower
- golden wattle
- frown mainly is south eastern Aus
- bright green leaves and many golden yellow flowers in spring
Aus National colours
green and gold
colours of golden wattle
Aus National gem stone
opal
- aboriginal legend a rainbow touched the earth and created the colours of the opal.
