Part 1 Flashcards
What is the principle grape used in Burgundy ?
Pinot Noir
Name the 5 First Growth Bordeaux (1855 Classification)
Chateau Lafite Rothschild
Chateau Latour
Chateau Margaux
Chateau Haut-Brion
Chateau Mouton Rothschild
What is the Primary Grape for Barolo DOCG?
Nebbiolo
What does “Riserva” indicate on an Italian wine label?
Denotes extended aging (minimum 2 years) and higher standards for quality
What are the 4 noble white grape of Alsace?
Riesling
Muscat
Pinot Gris
Gewürztraminer
What region is know for Vouvray and what type of grape is used?
What are the characteristics of this grape?
Loire Valley
Chenin Blanc
High Acid, can be sec or semi-sec, alcohol from 11%-12.5%, mineral component
Honeysuckle, Jasmine, Green Apple,Pear, Honey
What are the main grapes used in Châteauneuf-du-Pape and some characteristics of the wine?
Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre (GSM)
Known for powerful, concentrated, full-bodied nature often with higher alcohol rich tannins and aging potential
What is Mistral Wind
The mistral is a strong, cold, and dry northwesterly wind that blows from southern France into the Gulf of Lion in the northern Mediterranean, often bringing clear skies and strong winds.
What are some terroir qualities of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?
Rolled Pebble soil, limestone, sands, and red clay
Mediterranean climate
Mistral Wind
Galets Roulés
What is the minimum aging requirement for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?
5 years (2 in oak)
What is the difference between Pouilly-Fumé and Pouilly-Fuissé?
Pouilly-Fumé: Sauvignon Blanc (Loire); Pouilly-Fuissé: Chardonnay (Burgundy)
Name two red grapes of Rioja
Tempranillo and Garnacha
What is the primary grape used in Soave DOC?
Garganega
What is the key grape of the Wachau region in Austria?
Grüner Veltliner
What does ‘Sur Lie’ aging mean?
Wine aged on its dead yeast cells for added complexity
What is the southernmost wine region in New Zealand?
Central Otago
Name the three traditional grapes used in Champagne.
Pinot Noir
Chardonnay
Pinot Meunier
What does ‘Vendanges Tardives’ indicate on an Alsace wine?
Late harvest; sweet wine style
What does ‘Noble Rot’ refer to?
Botrytis cinerea, a fungus that dehydrates grapes for sweet wines
What does ‘Crianza’ indicate on a Spanish wine label?
Aged wine: 2 years total with 6 months in oak
What is a key characteristic of wines from the Mosel?
High acid, low alcohol, mineral component
What is the signature wine of Tokaj?
Tokaji Aszú
What is the minimum aging for Champagne Non-Vintage before release?
15 months
What is the primary grape of Gavi DOCG?
Cortese
What is the term for blending different vintages in Champagne?
Assemblage
What wine style is the Jura region of France known for?
Vin Jaune (oxidative, aged under flor)
What is the style of “Blanc de Noirs” Champagne?
White wine made from black grapes
What type of grape is Assyrtiko and where is it grown?
A white grape from Santorini, Greece
Which French AOC specializes in Cabernet Franc-based reds in the Loire Valley?
Chinon
What is the primary climate influence in Rías Baixas, Spain?
Atlantic Ocean—cool, wet maritime climate
What’s the difference between free-run juice and press juice?
Free-run juice is lightly extracted, more delicate; press juice is more tannic and structured
What are the three quality tiers of the German Prädikatswein system?
Kabinett, Spätlese, Auslese (others include Beerenauslese, Trockenbeerenauslese, Eiswein)
What does “Gran Selezione” mean in Chianti Classico?
Top classification tier above Riserva, with stricter aging and sourcing requirements
What is the primary soil type of Chablis?
Kimmeridgian Limestone
Name two Grand Cru villages in Champagne.
Aÿ, Bouzy (others: Verzenay, Ambonnay, etc.)
What are the five communes allowed to produce Barolo?
Barolo, La Morra, Serralunga d’Alba, Castiglione Falletto, Monforte d’Alba
What is bâtonnage and why is it used?
Stirring the lees to increase texture and complexity
What is the permitted yield (in hectoliters per hectare) in Grand Cru Burgundy?
35 hl/ha
Which Bordeaux château was upgraded from Second Growth to First Growth in 1973?
Château Mouton Rothschild
What is the minimum pressure (in bars) in Champagne?
6 bars
What is the difference between Barbaresco and Barolo in terms of aging and style?
Barbaresco ages 2 years minimum, lighter in body; Barolo 3 years minimum, more tannic
Which AVA is known for high elevation Cabernet Sauvignon in California?
Howell Mountain AVA
Which DOCG in Italy is known for Verdicchio?
Verdicchio dei Castelli di Jesi or Verdicchio di Matelica
What grape is used to make wine in Madiran AOC?
Tannat
What is “diurnal shift” and why is it important in viticulture?
The temperature variation between day and night—important for acid retention and balance
What is the soil type of Pauillac known for?
Gravel over limestone
What is “élevage” in winemaking?
The process of wine maturation and refinement before bottling
What is the primary difference between Côte de Nuits and Côte de Beaune?
Côte de Nuits: Pinot Noir-dominant; Côte de Beaune: more white wine (Chardonnay)
What style of wine is Tokaji Aszú?
Sweet, botrytized wine from Hungary
Which AVA is shared between Oregon and Washington?
Columbia Valley
