Part 1 Flashcards
What is the electron donor for all of photosynthesis? What is the byproduct created after it gives up its electrons?
Water is the donor, Oxygen is the byproduct
What is the final light acceptor for light dependent reactions? Where does this electron accepter travel to next?
Final acceptor is NADP+
It travels to the Calvin Cycle after becoming NADPH
What would happen if the chloroplast ran out of available NADP+?
No energy would be carried from the NADP+ so it wouldn’t be able to make NADPH, which is what allows for the RuBP to become G3P (simple sugar) and so no energy for the plant would be created
What does the light reaction produce for the Calvin Cycle?
ATP and NADPH
Autotroph vs Heterotroph
Autotroph - can create its own energy
Heterotroph - needs to consume other organisms for energy
How do plants do gas exchange?
CO2 enters through the stomata which has a buncg of holes so the airspaces inside do the gas exchange and Oxygen leaves through the stomata
What is NADP+?
An electron carrier
What do you need for the light dependent reaction and what is produced? Same question for the Calvin Cycle:
- water & light, oxygen produced
- CO2 & ATP & NADPH, glucose produced
What are photosystems?
Group of proteins in the thylakoid
What is the main pigment in the photosystems and what colors do they rep?
chlorophyll a - blue green
chlorophyll b - yellow green
Explain what happens to electrons in the photosystems when solar energy is absorbed:
The electrons get excited to a higher energy state and will break free from the chlorophyll pigments
Where is the electron carrier reduced? What’s its function?
NADP+ is reduced to NADPH in PS1
It accepts high energy elctrons and carries them to the Calvin Cycle where its used to make CO2 into sugar
Why do electrons travel from PS2 to PS1? What happens to protons during this step?
the electron transport chain between them is designed to move electrons from a higher energy level at PS2 to a lower energy level at PS1
the energy released from this transfer pumps protons from a protein pump, which makes a concentration gradient
What is photolysis, where does it occur, and why?
Photolysis is when water is split apart in PS2
It is so the chlorophyll can replace the electrons that it lost when they got excited by the light energy and left
Where did oxygen come from in photosynthesis and where does it go?
It comes from the splitting of H2O molecules and leaves through the stomata
What are the two sources of protons that accumulate in the thylakoid space?
- splitting of H2O
- H+ pumping into the lumen
Describe the flow of protons during chemiomosis:
From a high to low concentration
What is photophosphorylation?
The adding of a phosphate group to ADP to make ATP
Where does the ATP go after being made?
To the Calvin Cycle to power it
ADP vs ATP (and what do they stand for?)
ATP has one additional phosphate group
adenosine triphosphate
adenosine diphosphate
