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phase 2 finals > part 1 > Flashcards

part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

define oral flora

A

microorganisms inhabiting the oral cavity and live together in a symbiotic relationship

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2
Q

what are non-mineralized deposits

A

acquire pellicle
materia alba
food debris

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3
Q

what is needed for plaque to adhere in the oral cavity

A

rough surface, crowded teeth and appliances

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4
Q

identify why calculus is a threat to the oral cavity

A

provides a rough surface where biofilm can stick

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5
Q

define calculus

A

mineralized plaque

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6
Q

define materia alba

A

soft mixture of bacteria and salivary proteins, food material and dead tissue

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7
Q

define plaque

A

sticky film of bacteria on the teeth

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8
Q

describe the evaluation process needed of the client prior to coronal polish

A

extrinsic stains
contraindications

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9
Q

what oral aid would you use to instruct a patient in keeping a furcation area free of plaque

A

interdental brush

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10
Q

define apexification

A

how the root develops

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11
Q

define apexogenesis

A

root development and treatment

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12
Q

what type of plaque thrives supragingivally

A

cariogenic plaque

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13
Q

list types of extrinsic stains

A

coffee
chlorhexidine
green stain
black stain
tobacco

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14
Q

what type of stain is enamel hypoplasia

A

endogenous intrinsic

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15
Q

list common factors of cariogenic bacteria

A

produces acids

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16
Q

what is the proper equation for dental caries to occur

A

sugar + bacteria = acid
-> acid + tooth = decay

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17
Q

describe the caries development rate

A

rate of demineralization has to be stronger than remineralization

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18
Q

what does the pH level of plaque affect

A

the lower the pH level, it affects your demineralization rate

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19
Q

how long does it take for gingivitis to evelop if plaque is left undisturbed

A

10 days

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20
Q

why are glycoproteins formed

A

it is the main component for acquire pellicle and is always in saliva

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21
Q

when is topical fluoride applications recommended

A

after polishing and for people that are high risk and people with no access

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22
Q

why do you ask a client to chew on a fluoride tray during the application of fluoride

A

to squeeze the fluoride over all tooth surfaces

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23
Q

what is the mechanical removal of calculus, debris, plaque and stain of coronal surfaces and gingival sulci called

A

prophylaxis

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24
Q

post op for fluoride treatment

A

instruct patient not to rinse, eat or drink or brush teeth for at least 30 minutes

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25
Q

why is systemic fluoride beneficial

A

strengthens the enamel of developing teeth and bones

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26
Q

what is the recommended concentration of fluoride in municipal water

A

1.0 ppm

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27
Q

what does topical fluoride provide to the teeth

A

helps control caries by slowing down demineralization and enhances remineralization

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28
Q

what does coronal polish remove

A

stains, plaque and debris

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29
Q

what do you do with the rubber cup after the polish

A

thrown out

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30
Q

why do you add a wetting agent to an abrasive

A

it reduces frictional heat during polishing which can cause pulpal damage

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31
Q

what is the grasp used for a handpiece

A

pen grasp

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32
Q

what areas of the tooth are most effectively cleaned with a prophy cup

A

buccal surfaces

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33
Q

what is the correct stroke used for a prophy cup

A

short overlapping intermittant strokes

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34
Q

how does tissue traumatized by a prophy cup look

A

red
irritated
bleeding

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35
Q

list the signs of periodontal disease

A

red, swollen gingiva

bleeding gingiva from brushing and flossing

loose or separating teeth

pain or pressure when chewing

pus

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36
Q

what is pregnancy gingivits is a result off

A

increased severity of gingivitis due to hormones fluctuation

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37
Q

describe juvenile periodontitis

A

bone loss that suggests more aggresive and rapod progession

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38
Q

what is a systemic factor that contributes to periodontal break down

A

genetic disorders
diabetes
obesity
osteoporosis
smoking
medications
cancer

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39
Q

list the signs and symptoms of gingivitis

A

redness
swelling
increased heat
pain
disturbance of function

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40
Q

what are the characteristics of healthy gingivitis

A

pink
round papilla
sulcus less than 3mm
no bleeding
stippled

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41
Q

what is the first type of bone lost in periodontal disease

A

compact bone

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42
Q

list the tissues of the periodontium

A

alveolar bone
cementum
periodontal ligament
dentogingival junction
gingiva

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43
Q

what motion is used in the bass technique to clean the occlusal surface

A

back and forth

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44
Q

what does cariogenic mean

A

substance causing tooth decay

45
Q

what is an oral irrigator

A

reduces bacteria levels in subgingival and interproximal areas

46
Q

who should use an electric toothbrush

A

people with reduced dexterity but everyone can use it

47
Q

what motion is used in the bass method

A

wiggle back and forth

48
Q

how do you get the floss through the contact points

A

use index and thumb to slide floss between the teeth

49
Q

when a client is firt taught proper oral hygiene, how often should disclosing tablets be used

A

once a week

50
Q

what nutrient can cause the development of plaque caries

A

fermentable carbs?

51
Q

using the heel or toe of the totoh brush is good for cleaning what area of the teeth

A

linguals of the anteriors

52
Q

what are the signs of incorrect flossing

A

bleeding, swelling

53
Q

what are the uses of extension matrix bands

A

for class II preparation with more extensive preps

requires gingival extensions

54
Q

what is the first tissue destroyed in periodontal disease

A

collagen

55
Q

what is the main therapeutic component of dentifrice

A

stannous fluoride

56
Q

what are the contributing factors of black hairy tongue

A

caused by an oral flora imbalance after antibitoics, then is stained by food or tobacco

57
Q

what is the relationship between the clients mouth to your elbow

A

should be the same height

58
Q

what are the uses of an end tuft brush

A

interproximal areas
fixed dental prostheses
difficult to reach areas

59
Q

what is the purpose of a preservative in a dentifrice

A

prevents microorganisms from destroying the dentifrice in storage

60
Q

what is the purpose of a binder in dentifrice

A

thickens and stabilizes formula

61
Q

what is the first decision stage that client msut go through before habits can be changed

A

acknowledgement

62
Q

what is dental jurisprudence

A

application of the law to the conditions by the practice

63
Q

what is the learning ladder

A

unawareness
awareness
self interst
involvement
action
habit

64
Q

know all the chemotherapy agents that can be added to mouthwash and their uses

A

chlorhexidine - controls plaque and gingivitis and helps with pain

65
Q

know the methods to adapt an impression tray in the mouth

A

utility wax

66
Q
A
67
Q

what armementarium is used for a tofflemire placement

A

paper pad
tofflemire retainer
matrix band
basic 3
ball burnisher
crown and bridge scissors

68
Q

define demineralization

A

loss of minerals from the tooth

69
Q

what are the minerals found in saliva

A

calcium
phosphate
fluoride

70
Q

what conditions can occur from excessive friction on a tooth

A

attrition
abrasion
erosion

71
Q

what are the steps for sealant placement

A

clean and polish occlusal surface

rinse and dry

isolate tooth

etch tooth

rinse and dry

apply sealant and cure

examine

72
Q

know the proper use of the oral irrigator

A

helps reduce bacterial levels in subgingival and interproximal areas

73
Q

know motivational needs of your clients

A

result of an interal decision

74
Q

define fulcrum

A

finger rest used when holding an instrument or handpiece for a specified time

75
Q

what are the indications and contraindications for using an air powered polishing agent

A

indications
- requires less time
- sodium bicarbonate is less abrasive
- removes heavy stain

contraindications
- respiratory disease
- communicable infections
- immunocomporomised patients
- open wounds

76
Q

know and understand the reasons for patient medical history and update

A

to ensure no medications can affect any issues, and to ensure proper medications and protocols for medical emergencies are known

77
Q

what does ethics refer to

A

refers to moral discipline concerned with good and bad

78
Q

understand and explain maslows theory

A

physiological needs
safety and security
love and belonging
self esteem
self actualization

79
Q

how long until plaque starts

A

12-24 hours

80
Q

how to treat partial seizure

A

position patient comfortable
monitor vital signs
document

81
Q

how to treat hyperglycemia

A

ask when they lastate
position patient in comfortable position
call 911
provide cpr if necessary
monitor vital signs
document

82
Q

how to treat hypoglycemia

A

ask when they last ate
give oral glucose
call 911
provide cpr
monitor vital signs
document

83
Q

what is the canada food guide servings

A

vegetables - half plate
protein - quarter of plate
whole grains - quarter of plate
make water the drink of choice

84
Q

how do you appear with vitamin A deficiency

A

dry scaly skin

85
Q

how do you appear with vitamin B2 deficiency

A

cracks in corners of mouth

86
Q

how do you appear with vitamin b6 deficiency

A

skin cracks

87
Q

how do you appear with a niacin deficiency

A

skin disorders

88
Q

how do you apprea with a calcium deficiency

A

lack of bone and tooth growth

89
Q

how do you appear with a magnesium deficiency

A

muscle weakness

90
Q

why do we polish amalgam

A

prevents recurrent decay and prevents deterioration of amalgam

91
Q

understand and explain carbamide peroxide

A

pH - 7.35
most common in office and at home
breaks down in the mouth and forms hydrogen peroxide

92
Q

understand and explain hydrogen peroxide

A

3x stronger
pH - 3.5
more common in over the counter

93
Q

what is acid erosion of the enamel called that is caused by bacterial plaque

A

decalcification

94
Q

what does apf stand for

A

acidulated phosphate fluoride

95
Q

what is the name used for the oral irrigator tip

A

canula

96
Q

what artery do you place the blood pressure cuff over

A

the rbachial artery

97
Q

describe the classes of fractures to teeth

A

class I - enamel only
class II - enamel and dentin
class III - enamel dentin and pulp

98
Q

how is an avulsed tooth stored until replantation

A

must be wrapped in moistened piece of cloth or towel
go immediately to dentist

99
Q

what are the steps for bridge prep and the terminology used for insurance when payment is partially covered

A

patient in chair - med history
- freeze
- take impression
- shave down tooth
- pack cord
- light body and heravy body impressions
- make temp acrylic, with zoe type I
- wash and disinfect impression
- place in bag with patient name and dentist name, and date
- patients bite gets check with articulating paper
- call dental lab to pick up ekastimeric impression
- week later, lab will send the bridge
- take off the temp restoration
- clean the tooth
- place permanent in
- check bite
- cement with permanent cement
-

100
Q

what is luxation

A

subluxation - loosening of tooth without displacement
luxation - loosening of tooth with displacement

101
Q

what is intrusion

A

bone is displaced into the bone

102
Q

what is extrusion

A

bone is displaced out the bone

103
Q

what is avulsion

A

complete displacement of the tooth out of its socket due to trauma

104
Q

how does the dental assistant assess a patient

A

setting a routine to each clients situation

105
Q

how many mm of clearance from teeth to the impression tray

A

6mm of clearance

106
Q

what is vitamin K responsible for

A

blood clotting

107
Q

what can be used for internal for edodontically treating teeth whitening

A

sodium probate

108
Q
A

phase 2 finals (3 decks)

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