PART 1😔 Flashcards
Smallest basic unit of life
Cells
Structural and Functional biological units of all living things
Cells
things outside the cell
Extracellular
things inside the cell
intracellular
The three common things about among all kinds of cells
1) They have a cell membrane
2) They have a cytoplasm
3) They have DNA
Separates the intracellular and extracellular body
cell membrane
Jelly-like substance within the cell that facilitates cellular processes
Cytoplasm
The cell’s genetic material, the blueprint of the cell
DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)
The type of cell that consists of organelles and appears to be more advanced in composition. Can be found in Plant and Animals.
Eukaryotic Cell
The type of cell that has no Nucleus, but it presents genetic material just not found in the Nucleus. It is also unicellular in nature.
Prokaryotic Cell
Also known as little/small organs that play distinct roles in the cell
Organelles
Contains the DNA and supervises cellular activities like growth, metabolism, and reproduction
Nucleus
The double membrane surrounding the nucleus
Nuclear Envelope
Where ribosomal RNA (ribosomes) is synthesized, it is also located inside the nucleus
Nucleolus
Tangled spread out form of DNA found in the Nuclear membrane that also organizes the DNA
Chromatin
Powerhouse of the cell, produces ATP through cellular respiration. Makes energy for the whole cell
Mitochondria
Embedded with ribosomes, includes protein synthesis and modification
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (rER)
Lacks ribosomes, involves lipid synthesis, and calcium storage
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (sER)
Lacks ribosomes, involves lipid synthesis, and calcium storage
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (sER)
Condensation of DNA, found in the cytoplasm
Chromosomes
Membrane enclosed for transferring materials like proteins by ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Membrane enclosed for transferring materials like proteins by ribosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Receives cellular materials in vesicles, modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport or secretion
Golgi Apparatus
Where proteins are customized into the forms of the cell’s liking through folding or adding materials
Golgi Apparatus
Sites of protein synthesis
Ribosomes
Can free-float in the cytoplasm or attached on to rER; it composes oRNA and proteins
Ribosomes
Makes up of digestive enzymes to decompose waste materials and cellular debris
Lysosomes
Known as the “garbage collector” of the cell
Lysosomes
Breaks down the fatty acids and detoxify harmful substances
Peroxisomes
It is involved in lipid metabolism
Peroxisomes
Detoxifies alcohol in the system
Peroxisomes
Storage of substances (ex nutrients)
Vacuoles
Sites of photosynthesis, turning light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose
Chloroplasts
Contains organelles in the plant cells, gives of the green color of plants
Chlorophyll
-The matrix inside the Chloroplast
-Light independent
stroma
-Where Chlorophyll is located, houses the act of photosystems
-Light dependent
Thylakoid Membrane
Known for its Phospholipid bi-layered design, it protects the cell from foreign material through selective permeability
Cell membrane
Part of the cell membrane that is Hydrophobic
Head
Part of the cell membrane that is Hydrophobic
Head
Part of the cell membrane that is Hydrophilic
Tail
A specialized organelle that has microscopic hair that whips in circular motion, commonly found in certain bacterias and sperm cells
Flagella
A specialized organelle that has microscopic hair that whips in circular motion, commonly found in certain bacterias and sperm cells
Flagella
Protein acetous, filamentous polymeric organelles for cell to cell interactions
Pili
A specialized organelle that is responsible for locomotion that moves in waves back and forth
Cilia
What is the full name of ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate
