part 1 Flashcards
The idea that the human brain and human mind are separate entities was formalized in the 1600s by
Descartes
Aristotle believed that _______was/were the source of nervous control and the seat of the soul
Heart
Broca’s patient had damage to
Left hemisphere
Humans have 12 pairs of cranial nerves that all serve motor functions
False
The definition of a drug is always the same, regardless of context
False
A drug must be an exogenous substance
True
A psychoactive drug is a drug that
Affects thinking, mood, or behavior
Drug tolerance refers to
The diminished effect with repeated use
which type of neuron transmits impulses through the PNS towards the CNS?
sensory
which is the primary use for receiving early stage visual information
Occipital lobe
what part of the brain is responsible for movement
frontal lobe
The principal region of the neuron for receiving information is the
Dendrite
Why is the resting potential in a neuron typically around -70 mV instead of being equal to the equilibrium potential of K+ (~-90 mV)
the resting cell membrane has some permeability to Na+
What would happen to the typical neuronal membrane resting potential if the extracellular concentration of K+ was increased?
The resting potential would become more positive
A membrane potential is the difference in electrical charge between
The inside and outside of a cell
What part of a neuron is often myelinated?
Axon
Potassium ions have a _____ charge and are in excess _______ the cell; sodium ions have a _____ charge and are in excess _______ the cell.
Positive, inside, positive, outside
Which of the following is a passive process that acts to distribute ions evenly in neural tissue?
Random motion and electrostatic pressure
Na+ ions are continually forced into neurons by
their high external concentration and the negative resting potential
The brief period of time immediately after the initiation of an action potential when it is absolutely impossible to initiate another one in the same neuron is called the
Absolute refractory period
Hippocampus function
involved in memory formation
limbic system function
Group of structures involved in the regulation of emotions and the emotional interpretation of environmental stimuli
Basal Ganglia
group of structures that controls smooth, voluntary movements
Cerebellum
important for motor planning and learning
medulla
coordinated basic life support systems including respiratory rhythms
Frontal lobe
planning and signaling movements
parental lobe
somatosensory (touch and pain)
temporal lobe
hearing, language
Occipital lobe
early stage vision
Regarding the rising phase (upstroke) of the action potential, what happens?
Na+ flows into the neuron through voltage-gated Na+ channels
