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AQA History America 1920 - 1973 > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How many people immigrated to America in the Great Migration?

A

Between 1850 and 1914, 40 million+ people immigrated to america

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2
Q

How did Republican governmental policy aid the economic boom?

A

Laissez-faire: The government left business alone.

Rugged individualism: Trade within the country itself.
Protectionism: Tarrifs were placed on exported goods to limit their competition from foreign imports.

This encouraged the purchase of American goods.

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3
Q

How many people did the car industry employ?

A

4 million

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4
Q

Who could not afford a car?

A

6m families living on less than 1000$ a year

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5
Q

What percentage of cars were bought on hire purchase?

A

75%

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6
Q

By when had mass production become global?

A

1955

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7
Q

social habits for women in the 1920s

A

wore makeup
smoked in public (cigarette sales doubled)
drove
leisure time due to machines
flappers (fashion change)

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8
Q

How many female accountants were there in 1930?

A

Only 100.

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9
Q

Who did not benefit from the economic boom?

A

Farmers - Replaced by machines
-> More than 6m families lived on less than 1000$ a year

African Americans
Women

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10
Q

What was the Red Scare?

A

WASPS (established americans) thought that new immigrants would steal their jobs after the Bolshevik Revolution.

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11
Q

Who is Mitchell Palmer?

A

American Attorney and general. Had 36 mail bombs sent to him that destroyed the front of his house, causing him to attack left wing organisations.

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12
Q

What were the results of Mitchell Palmer’s attacks on left wing organisations?

A

6000 arressted without a trial
536 deported unfairly under 1918 alien act.
created unrest and hysteria + fear of infiltration among people

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13
Q

Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?

A

Two Italians accused of the murder of a guard and paymaster

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14
Q

What were the further details about the Sacco and Vanzetti trial?

A

Had anarchist posters in their car and no alibis
1921 trial, Judge Thayer called them ‘anarchist bastards’

All witnesses testifying against Sacco and Vanzetti had mismatched stories, yet were believed over the ones testifying for him.
There were less witnesses testifying against than for.

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15
Q

What was prohibition?

A

Alcohol ban from 1920 - 1935.

Alcohol consumption fell by 2/3

Wets = support, Dries = dont like.

Popularised because drinks companies had german descents -> Alcohol was expensive

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16
Q

What was a speakeasy?

A

Also called a blind pig or blind tiger. An illicit establishment that sold pure wood alcohol.

Attracted other crime, e.g. Gambling, Prostitution.

In 1927, 32,000 existed

Men and women both permitted

17
Q

What was bootlegging?

A

Ilegal transport of alcohol during Prohibition

Smuggled foreign made booze from Mexico and Canada
50,000 died bootlegging

18
Q

What were the Jim Crow laws?

A

Laws introduced to ensure minorities in the south never gained political power

19
Q

How many lynchings?

A

300 during the 1920s

20
Q

When did the KKK peak?

A

1925 - 1930

21
Q

How many members were there in the KKK?

A

4 million in mid 1920s

22
Q

What was the NAACP?

A

national association for the advancement of colored people - Founded 1909

Encouraged AAs to stand up through peaceful protest to racial discrimination.

As of 1920, membership of 91,000.

23
Q

When did KKK members begin to decline

A

Mid-1920s

24
Q

How did technology aid the Economic Boom?

A

Electricity becoming widespread stimulated other associated electrical goods in the industry, e.g. Fridges and radios.

25
Q

How did new business methods aid the Economic Boom?

A

Mass production led to greater productivity and profits.

Between 1923 and 1929 average wage rose by 8%, giving people more disposable income.

Hire purchase meant that people could buy goods out of their wages, paying in increments.

26
Q

How did consumerism aid the Economic Boom?

A

Consumerism encouraged a widespread use of new goods being sold

e.g. In 1912, 16% had electricity. In 1927 63% of American homes had electricity, encouraging the purchase of commodities such as fridges and radios by 167%

27
Q

How did advertising aid the Economic Boom?

A

Advertising expanded demand for products, hiring psychologists to target certain groups e.g. Targeting women to smoke in public with their cigarettes.

28
Q

How did the Car industry affect American society?

A

Mass production led to increased productivity and profits

The car industry provided jobs to the petrol, rubber and glass industries.

Transformed buying habits with hire purchase, enabling the average American to buy a car

Promoted road building and travel, leading to thousands of restaurants.

29
Q

How much of the US’s resources did the car industry take up?

A

90% of the petrol industry
80% of the rubber
75% of the glass

30
Q

How many miles of road were produced per year as a result of the car industry?

A

By 1929, 10,000 miles per year

31
Q

What dance became popular in the 1920s?

A

Charleston

32
Q

How many radio stations were broadcasting by 1922?

A

500

33
Q

In which year did all American women get the vote?

A

1920

34
Q

What was the increase in working women by 1929?

A

25%

35
Q

Which type of woman would NOT be a flapper?

A

Rural

36
Q

What was the Bolshevik Revolution?

A

The 1919 Bolshevik Revolution was caused by anarchy and communism.

37
Q

How did the Governor of Oregon impact education?

A
  • The governor of Oregon was a member of the KKK and attempted to ban all Catholic schools.
  • The lack of accountability for these attacks normalised them.
  • segregated educational funding - black schools got 76% less funding
38
Q

How did Jim Crow laws keep WASPS in political power?

A
  • WASPS didn’t want their pure Americanism diluted by immigrants.
  • They retained political power through patriotism.

15th amendment required literacy tests for any AAs wishing to vote.

AQA History America 1920 - 1973 (3 decks)

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