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Acid Base Balance > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What do acids donate to make solutions acidic and bases accept to make solutions basic?

A

Hydrogen ions (protons)

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2
Q

What type of acid can completely dissociate in aqueous solutions making them powerful proton donors?

A

Strong acic

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3
Q

What type of acid incompletely dissociates in solutions?

A

Weak acid

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4
Q

What type of acid is carbonic and bicarbonate?

A

Weak

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5
Q

What type of base completely releases OH in aqueous solutions?

A

Strong base

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6
Q

What type of base does not completely accept protons in aqueous solution?

A

Weak base

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7
Q

Is NaOH strong or weak base?

A

Strong base

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8
Q

Are HCO3 and NH3 strong or weak bases?

A

Weak base

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9
Q

What is the pH of arterial blood?

A

7.4

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10
Q

What maintenance system is:
-reversibly binds or releases H+
-fast-acting
-respond to small pH changes
-do not eliminate acids or bases in body
-cannot resolve problem

A

Buffers

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11
Q

What maintenance system is:
-maintain normal blood pH by altering CO2 removal rate from blood
-middle in terms of reaction time

A

Respiratory system

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12
Q

What maintenance system is:
-eliminates or retains H
-slow acting
-responds to large pH changes

A

Kidneys

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13
Q

What is most important buffer system in the blood?

A

Bicarbonate

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14
Q

What are the other 2 buffers?

A

Phosphate and ammonia

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15
Q

What is the extent to which a weak acid dissociates, and the resultant concentrations of H, base, and un-dissociated acid?

A

Dissociation constant = Ka

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16
Q

What is the ability of a chemical to hold hydrogen/proton?

A

pKa

17
Q

Higher pKa = ______ ability of a chemical to hold a hydrogen/proton

A

Stronger

18
Q

The pKa for a buffer system is the pH at which there are ______ amounts of the weak acid and its conjugate base?

A

Equal

19
Q

What is the most important buffer system in the body?

A

Bicarbonate buffer

20
Q

What buffer system is an open system that can be regulated, the lung can regulate CO2 concentrations, kidneys can regulate HCO3, and a large amount of HCO3 in blood?

A

Bicarbonate buffer system

21
Q

What is the HCO3/H2CO3 ratio needed for effective buffering?

A

20/1

Acid Base Balance (4 decks)

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