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uk government p2 > parliament > Flashcards

parliament Flashcards

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1
Q

how are the powers fused?

A

the executive sits within the legislature

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2
Q

who is the head of government?

A

PM

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3
Q

who is the head of state?

A

the monarch

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4
Q

how many MPs are there in Parliament?

A

650

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5
Q

who are frontbencher MPs?

A

minister and party officials appointed by PM to senior positions in government, also have a shadow cabinet

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6
Q

what are backbench MPs?

A

don’t have responsibilities in the government/shadow cabinet

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7
Q

what do backbenchers have nice than frontbenchers?

A

far more independence

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8
Q

what are backbench MPs often controlled by?

A

the whips

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9
Q

what are the opposition days?

A

20 days where the opposition controls party of the parliamentary agenda.

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10
Q

what does it mean to be a ‘government in waiting’?

A

the official opposition must always be ready to take over if government fails

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11
Q

how does the official opposition hold the government to account?

A

by examining policy and questioning ministers

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12
Q

in 2020, what did labour put forward on one of its opposition days?

A

a motion extending free school means through half term. rejected by government, but allowed labour to keep the issue on the agenda and the government later u-turned

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13
Q

what is the official opposition imperative for?

A

a healthy representative democracy

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14
Q

what can the official opposition be accused of?

A

constant criticism and ‘point scoring’ without real counter arguments for issues

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15
Q

what are party whips?

A

enforcers of party line

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16
Q

what is a three line whip?

A

MPs are told their attendance is essential, and they must vote with their party. defying this is serious and can lead to the whip being removed

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17
Q

what is a two-line whip?

A

MPs are told attendance is necessary at the votes, expected to attend and vote with their party

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18
Q

what is a one-line whip?

A

MPs are advised to vote in line with their party. fewer consequences if an MP misses this vote

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19
Q

what is a free vote?

A

MPs can vote as they wish. typically on moral issues/

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20
Q

what recent vote was a third line whip?

A

dec 2023 Rwanda Bill second reading vote

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21
Q

what was the outcome of the second reading ate for the Rwanda bill in Dec 2023?

A

313 yes, 269 nos

22
Q

in 2019, how many conservative MPs had the whip removed?

A

21

23
Q

why did 21 conservative MPs have the whip removed in 2019?

A

for backing a motion to take control of parliamentary business away from the government to prevent a no-deal brexit

24
Q

who were amongst those who had the whip removed in 2019?

A

Philip Hammond and Daide Gauke

25
Q

when is the job of a whip considerably harder?

A

minority and coalition government

26
Q

why is the role of the whip harder during times of coalition or minority government?

A

because it would take only a few handful to rebel for the government to lose a vote.

27
Q

why did Tory Peter Bone have the whip removed in 2023?

A

because of varied acts of bullying and one act of sexual misconduct

28
Q

why did Labour MP Kate Osamor get the whip removed in January 2024?

A

for including Palestine on a post about holocaust Memorial Day

29
Q

why did SNP MacNeil have the whip removed in July 2023?

A

allegedly threatened Brendan O’Hara in parliament

30
Q

what is the speaker of the house expected to be?

A

non partisan

31
Q

who is the speaker elected by?

A

MPs

32
Q

who is the current speaker?

A

Lindsay Hoyle, MP for Chorley

33
Q

what controversy was Bercow at the centre of?

A

at the centre of proceedings when allegations of bullying and harassment were reached

34
Q

currently, around how many Lords are eligible to sit in the chamber?

A

783

35
Q

what types of peers are there?

A
  • life peers
  • hereditary peers
  • lords spiritual
36
Q

what did the House of Lords Reform act do to the Lords?

A

dramatically reduced the number of hereditary peers from mourned 750 to 92

37
Q

how many lords spiritual are there?

A

26 anglican bishops

38
Q

what 5 of the House of Lords are women?

A

29%

39
Q

what % of the House of Lords ae BAME?

A

6%

40
Q

the monarchs role is largely what?

A

ceremonial

41
Q

what is the kings speech?

A

delivered during the state opening setting out the governments legislative programme for the upcoming year. written by the PMs office.

42
Q

what is royal assent?

A

the final stage in the legislative process where the monarch will sign a bill to make it law. more of a formality

43
Q

when was the last time royal assent as refused?

A

under Queen Anne in 1708

44
Q

which chamber has the supreme legislative power?

A

commons

45
Q

what type of committees only appear in the lords?

A

departmental select committees

46
Q

what chamber removes governments through votes of no confidence?

A

commons

47
Q

what did the parliament acts do to the power of the House of Lords?

A

removed their power to veto. can only delay non money bills by up to one year

48
Q

what is the salisbury convention?

A

dictates that the lords cannot delay bills outlined in the governing parties manifesto

49
Q

what is the most recent example of legislation passing due to the salisbury convention?

A

hunting act 2004 - banned fox hunting with a pack of hounds

50
Q

what do peers have compared to MPS?

A

greater independence due to cross benchers and less party loyalty

51
Q

what powers of the lords must have consent of the both houses?

A
  • delaying a general election
  • sacking senior judges
  • secondary legislation

uk government p2 (3 decks)

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