Parks: Nutritional Disorders Flashcards
Beri-beri means (blank). It is caused by a deficiency in (blank)
weak-weak; thiamine
What vitamin is Thiamine?
Vit B1
What are some symptoms of Wernicke’s syndrome?
ophthalmoplegia (eyes have trouble moving)
cerebellar ataxia
mental impairment
What causes the symptoms of Wernicke’s encephalopathy?
foci of hemorrhage and necrosis in mamillary bodies and walls of 3rth and 4th ventricles
What happens to your memory in Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome? New memories? Old memories?
memory of new events is seriously impaired while old memories are OK
How will you know the patient has opthalmoplegia?
you ask the patient to look to the left and look to the right - some eye muscles will not be working properly
Mamillary bodies are associated with (blank)
Wernicke’s syndrome
In an acute case of Wernicke’s syndrome, you can get (blank) in the mamillary bodies and in the thalamic nuclei
hemorrhage
What disease occurs with thiamine deficiency?
Wernicke’s syndrome
In Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, what happens to patients who have mamillary body damage and can’t form new memories?
confabulation
In what clinical situations is this syndrome seen most frequently in the United States?
chronic alcoholics
gastric disorders - can’t eat (chronic gastritis, gastric carcinoma)
obesity surgery like gastric bypass
prisoner’s who are fed a poor diet
How to treat Wernicke’s?
parenteral (IV or IM) thiamine
Major causes of vitamin B12 deficiency
intestinal malabsorption and dietary deficiency (inadequate diet or vegetarianism)
*pernicious anemia and bariatric surgery, too
What is parasthesia?
numbness, tingling - feeling of “pins and needles”
painful parasthesis in both legs
impaired position sense and vibration sense
MCV elevated
»methylmalonic acid level
vit B12 deficiency
Why do people with vit B12 deficiency have decreased joint position and vibrations sense?
problems with dorsal columns
Why do you get neurological symptoms with Vit B12 deficiency?
In Vit B12 deficiency, demyelination of dorsal and lateral columns of the spinal cord occurs
**Vit B12 is necessary for the development of initial myelination of the spinal cord;
What type of demyelinization do you get with Vit B12 deficiency?
COMBINED degeneration
**lateral AND dorsal columns
Combined degeneration and de-myelinization
B12
What are some problems with people who have surgery via the gastric sleeve and other bypass surgeries?
decreased B12 absorption bc decreased intrinsic factor release, leading to Wernicke’s encephalopathy
What dietary factors can help prevent Alzheimer’s disease?
get Vit B12
if using multi-vitamin, don’t use vits with iron and copper (can cause oxidative damage)
(blank) can slow the shrinkage of the whole brain and can be beneficial for Alzheimer’s pts
B-vitamin treatment
