Parkinson's disease Flashcards

1
Q

what is Parkinson’s

A

progressive, incurable neurodegenerative disorder
average age of onset is 60

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2
Q

what are the motor symptoms of Parkinsons

A

bradykinesia
rigidity
tremor (pill-rolling)
postural instability

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3
Q

what are the non-motor symptoms of Parkinsons

A

neuropsychiatric (cognitive, depression, anxiety)
REM sleep
behaviour disorder
constipation
pain

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4
Q

describe Lewy body progression

A

lewy bodies first appear in the medulla and olfactory bulb
then progressively spread to the pons, midbrain, limbic lobe, neocortex

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5
Q

what do the basal ganglia circuitry do

A

process signals that flow from the cortex
allowing correct execution of voluntary movements

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6
Q

what does degeneration of dopaminergic neurons do

A

degeneration of dopaminergic receptors of the substantia nigra triggers a cascade of functional changes that effect the whole basal ganglia network

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7
Q

what does substantia nigra neuronal death lead to

A

nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficit

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8
Q

treatment of Parkison’s

A

gold standard treatment is carbidopa and levodopa (must be taken together), they are dopamine precursors
other treatments are MAO-B inhibitors which stop dopamine breakdown, dopamine agonists and COMT inhibitors which stop reuptake of dopamine

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