Paris Peace Conference Flashcards
WW1 LOSES: France
Destroyed land, most fighting here
1,4 M soldiers dead
2,5 M injured
WW 1 LOSSES: Britain
Indebted gov, 1 billion £ to USA
1,5 M injured
750k dead
WW1 LOSSES: united sates
Joined in 1917
116,000 dead
WW1 LOSSES: Germany
2 million dead
Ordinary people suffered (blockade + starvation)
Anger after war
Most: France (destroyed land, economy, 1.4M deaths…)
Wants Ger to be destroyed in PPC
Least: USA (least losses + lots of ancestry/ger sympathisers)
Paris Peace Conference OVERVIEW
WW1 ended in Nov 1918 with armistice
Conference started Jan 1919,
defeated nations not invited
Woodrow Wilson
American president, idealist and reformer, obstinate
Aims: strengthen democracy in Europe
Wilson’s 14 points
- No secret treaties
- Disarmament
- Self-determination
- League of Nations: international coop
Lloyd George
British PM, passive realist
Aims: stop communist expansion, grow British industry
Clemenceau
French PM, strongly anti-German
Aims: cripple Germany
ToV: terms
Germany accepts all guilts, colonies taken away (to LoN by Fr+GB)
Reparations £6,600 million
Ger deconstructed and redistributed
Military limitations: 100,000 soldiers, no conscription, 6 battleships
Demilitarisation of Rhineland
Anchluss prohibited
ToV: German territories taken away
Saarland (industrial) - to LoN, French for 15 years
German East and West Africa to Britain (LoN)
Cameroon to france
ToV: Effects and Reactions in Ger
Political uprisings: general strike 1920, attempted coups Kapp Putsch 1920 and Munich Putsch 1923 Hitler (rising nazis)
Hyperinflation: Ger solved Ruhr by printing more money (devaluation of money)
1923 RUHR
- ger skipped reparations, France entered Ruhr and took from people
- gov ordered strike, workers killed and protestors expelled
SHOWS: Ger poverty, desperation, rising support for nazis
Ger losses due to ToV
10% Eu territory
13% of population
No Anchluss
Lost 50% of iron + steel production
No representation
(Wilson’s 14 points hypocritical)
