Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ortodoncia > Parcial 1 > Flashcards

Parcial 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Is a physiological process associated with growth in which the tooth move from its original position eithe

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is takes place inside the bone and there is only a lateral displacement from the point of origin of the dental lámina towards the covering gum

A

Pre-eruptive phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

_____has connective tissue and remains of the dental lámina that cross the bone during the eruption of the tooth

A

The gubernacular core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Manu osteoclasts appear in the __________ that will enlarge this canal for the passage

A

Gubernacular cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

It begins when 50%/75% of the tooth root is formed. There is an intense vertical displacement which allows the tooth to move towards the mucosa

A

Pre-functional phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

It begins at the tooth makes contact with the antagonist and begins to perform the chewing function. The duration of this phase is the entire life of the tooth, since the chewing functionally produces abrasión on the occlusal surface and contact points between the teeth.

A

Functional phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

It is the absence of one or more dental organs and is a common development anomaly in both dentitions, it is the result of a disorder of the dental lámina which prevents the formation of the tooth germ. The absence is often bilateral

A

Agenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It is a alteration in the eruptive trajectory of de dental organ leading to its impaction against the adjacent tooth. Ectopic teeth are found in unusual postions or displaced from their normal anatomical location. The presence of an ectopic tooth can lead to malocclusion

A

Ectopic eruption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

It is the change in the position of two adjacent teeth in relation to their roots in the same quadrant of the dental arch which can lead and inverted eruption position and alter the normal sequence of eruption. They are generally unilateral, more frequent in the upper arch

A

Transposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Despite of having been fully formed they have not emerged in the mouth during the usual period, and they can remain partially or completely inside the jaw bone

A

Impacted teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Formation abnormalities may be due to systemic alterations that begins in childhood or early adolescence

A

Systemic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tooth abnormalities caused by systemic disease include

A

Alterations in the number of teeth, structural defects of enamel, dentin and cementum and in some cases variations in tooth size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The appearance of skeletal development disorders due to hereditary factors in some cases manifests at birth and in others they develop during childhood or adolescence

A

Genetic factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dental anomalies can also occur due to a local cause for example: specific blow, such as trauma during tooth development or it may be of idiopathic etiology

A

Environmental factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Any alteration in the bone growth of the maxilla or mandible and in the dental positions that impede the correct function of the chewing system with the subsequent consequence that this dysfunction has on the teeth themselves the gums and the bones that support them the temporomandibular joint and facial aesthetics

A

Maloclussion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Father of orthodontic

A

Edward H. Angle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Maloclussion etiology

A

General factors and local factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Molar classification

A

Class 1: mesio buccal cuspide of the first permanent upper molar occludes with the bucal grove of the first permanent lower molar
Class 2: mesio buccal cúspide of the 1st permanent upper molar occludes in front of the buccal groove of the first permanent lower molar
Class 3: mesio buccal cuspide of the 1st permanent upper molar occludes behind of the buccal groove of the first permanent lower molar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Are occupied by the dental papilla

A

Embrasure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Canine classification

A

Class 1: the cusp of the upper canine occludes between the embrasure of the lower canine and the lower first premolar
Class 2: the cusp of the upper canine occludes in front of the embrasure of the lower canine and the lower first premolar
Class 3: the cusp of the upper canine occludes behind the embrasure of the lower canine and the lower first premolar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Is the absence of formation of three or more dental organs

A

Hypodontia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Teeth that appearance in addition of the regular number of teeth

A

Supernumerary teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

It’s cabaracterized by having more teeth than the regular number of teeth

A

Hyperdontia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Supernumerary between two upper incisors

A

Mesiodens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Is applied to teeth that are smaller than the limits of variation considered normal

A

Microdontia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

True generalized microdontia

A

En todos los dientes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Relative generalized microdontia

A

3 a 5 dientes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Localized microdontia

A

1 a 2 dientes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Is applied to the teeth that are bigger than the limits of variation considered normal

A

Macrodontia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

True generalized macrodontia

A

Gigantism, pituitary, hemifacial hypertrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Relative generalized macrodontia

A

Size of the teeth bigger than the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Localized microdontia

A

Un diente

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Is the union of two developing teeth into a single structure with two independent pulp canals

A

Fusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

From a single enamel organ two teeth form or attempt to form and normally there is only one pulp canal.

A

Germination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

It’s an excessive root angulation and may be the result of a trauma in the deciduous dentition

A

Dilaceration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Also called invaginated tooth. This development anomaly is a lingual invagination of the enamel and can occur in primary and permanent teeth

A

Dens in dent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Is defined as the union/fusion between a tooth and the alveolar bone

A

Ankylosis

38
Q

It’s a hereditary disorder of enamel formation affecting primary and permanent dentitions

A

Imperfect amelogenesis

39
Q

Thera are 3 types of aimperfect melogenesis

A
  1. Hypoplasic
  2. Hypoclasified
  3. Hypomaduration
40
Q

The enamel does not have normal thickness in certain areas or in its enteriery

A

Hypoplasia

41
Q

The enamel has a normal thickness but is fragile and can be easily removed

A

Hypocalcified

42
Q

The thickness of the enamel is normal but it doesn’t have a normal hardened and transparency and opaque spots appear on the incisal edges of the teeth

A

Hypomaturation

43
Q

Its is an inherited disorder characterized by abnormal dentin formation and abnormal pulp morphology

A

Dentin dysplasia

44
Q

Dentin dysplasia is divided in two

A

Type 1 root dentin dysplasia
Type 2 coronal dentin dysplasia

45
Q

Teeth are affected in both dentitions. The teeth have a normal color and in some cases may present a bluish or brown transparency in the cervical region. The roots of the teeth are short, blunt, bulging, conical, or absent

A

Type 1 root dentin dysplasia

46
Q

Both the primary and permanent dentition are affected in this type of dysplasia, however the appearance of the temporary teeth is different from the permanent teeth. Primary teeth clinically show a bluish gray, brown or yellowish color and have a translucent or opalescent appareance, the permanent teeth appear clinically normal and the roots in both dentitions are normal

A

Type 2 coronal dentin dysplasia

47
Q

Is that specific area of dental practice that has as its responsability th study and supervision of the growth and the development of the dentition and its related anatomical structures from birth to dental maturity, including all preventive and corrective procedures of dental irregularities requiring the repositioning of teeth by functional or mechanical means to establish normal occlusion and pleasing facial contours

A

Orthodontics

48
Q

Orthodontics classification

A

Preventive orthodontics
Interceptive orthodontics
Corrective orthodontic

49
Q

The objective is to act before the appearance of malocclusions when the diagnosis indicates that they are going to occur and will alter the normal development of the dental and maxillary/ mandible organs. It is usually applied at young ages to avoid possible malocclusion

A

Preventive orthodontics

50
Q

Preventive Orthodontics trade

A

Caries control care of deciduos dentition
Eruption monitoring and space maintainer.
Early recognition of oral habits
Removal of supernumerary and retained decidious teeth

51
Q

Space maintainers in preventive orthodontic

A

Nance bottom (maxillary )
Lingual arch (mandible)
Band an loop

52
Q

Preventive orthodontics edad

A

3-6 years

53
Q

Interceptive orthodontics edad

A

7-11 years

54
Q

Corrective orthodontic edad

A

12 to adults

55
Q

The aimed is to correct bad dental positions or habits that are occurring but they still be treated to change their evolution. It is used where a bad position or habit have already been established but they can still be corrected. It serves to prevent the growth of the craniofacial complex from developing abnormally and its applications have to do with both the teeth and the entire maxillary/ mandibular complex

A

Interceptive orthodontics

56
Q

Bad oral habits mention

A
  • thumb sucking
  • mouth breather
  • onychophagy
  • tongue thrusting
  • lip bitting
57
Q

Interceptive orthoodntic trade

A

Serial extraction
Correction of developing crossbite
Control of oral habits
Removámoos of supernumerary and ankyloses teeth

58
Q

It is applied when the malocclusion has already been establish and has altered the normal course of the dentofacial complex. Fixed appliances (braces) are used to restore functional and aesthetic anatomical normality

A

Corrective orthodontics

59
Q

Types of orthodontic appliances

A

Ceramic/ sapphire
Lingual
Invisalign
Metalic
Self- ligating

60
Q

Skeletal classification

A

Class 1 straight
Class 2 convex
Class 3 concave

61
Q

The most common space loss occurs within __ consecutive months after the loss of a primary tooth

A

6

62
Q

Teeth have a strong tendency to move mesially even before they erupt into the mouth, this phenomenon has been called the

A

Mesial thrust tendency

63
Q

The provision of an appliance which is concerned only with the control of space loss, considering measures to supervise the dentition development

A

Space maintenance

64
Q

Appliances used to maintain space or regain the mayor amount of space so that they can guide the eruption of the permanent teeth into a proper position

A

Space maintainers

65
Q

Space maintainers functions

A
  • maintain arch lenght and perimeter
  • prevent space loss
  • prevent development of malocclusions o reduce its severity
66
Q

Ideal characteristics of the space maintainers

A

Simple
Strong and stable
Passive
Do not increase the risk of Carie’s development

67
Q

Types of space maintainers: unilateral

A

Band and loop

68
Q

Space maintainers: bilateral

A

Lower lingual arch
Trans palatal arch
Nance bottom
Removable acrylic appliance

69
Q

For permanent teeths, in the lower arch, bilateral

A

Lower lingual arch

70
Q

It’s design is of bilateral bands on molars that are connected by a heavy wire that rests on the cingulum of the anterior incisors

A

Lower lingual arch

71
Q

It’s design is made of bilateral bands on the first molars that are connected by a heavy wire, and the arch wire is directed towards the palatal surface and is embedded in a acrylic bottom resting on the soft tissue

A

Nance appliance

72
Q

It’s design is made of bilateral on the first molars that are connected by a heavy wire that transverse the hard palate without touching soft tissue. Although it is easier to clean than the nance appliance but it is not as stable especially when bilateral second primary molar are missing

A

Transpalatal arch

73
Q

There has been a loss of more than one tooth in a quadrant and the permanent molars haven’t erupted yet

A

Removable acrylic appliance

74
Q

The extraction of deciduous teeth to achieve greater aligment of the permanent dentition

A

Pierre fauchard

75
Q

It’s a timed planned sequential extraction of certain deciduos teeth followed by the removal of specific permanent teeth in order to guide the eruption permanent teeth into a favorable position

A

Serial extraction

76
Q

When there is an excess of tooth material, compared to the arch lenght, specific extraction of some teeth has to be done so that the rest of teeth can be guide to a normal occlusion

A

Arch lenght/ tooth size discrepancy

77
Q

Human dentition shows a physiologic tendency to move towards an extraction space. But if we choose to remove some specific teeth, the rest of them which are in the eruption process, will be guide by the natural forces into extraction spaces

A

Physical tooth movement

78
Q

Serial extraction indications

A

Premature loss of primary teeth
Class 1 maloclussion
Crowded maxillary and mandibular incisors
Arch lenght deficiency and tooth size discrepancy

79
Q

Serial extraction contraindications

A

Severe class II or class III maloclussion
Cleft palate cases
Extensive caries of first permanent molar

80
Q

Serial extraction methods

A

Dewel method
Tweed method
Nance method

81
Q

Extraction of deciduous canines, followed by deciduous first molars an finally first premolars

A

Dewel method

82
Q

Extraction of deciduous first molar, followed by first premolars and then deciduos canines

A

Nance method

83
Q

Extraction of deciduous first molar, followed by the first premolars then the decidious canines and laterals

A

Tweed method

84
Q

Is a routine behavior that is repeated regularly and tends to occur unconsciously

A

Habit

85
Q

Is the amount of force that is applied to the teeth while the habit is performed

A

Intensity

86
Q

Means the age at which the child get the habit, and the time spent by the child to do the habit per day (hours/day)

A

Duration

87
Q

Means how many times the patient do the habit per day

A

Frequency

88
Q

Is the placement of the thumb or more fingers in the oral cavity with repeated and forceful sucking movements associated with strong buccal and lip contraction

A

Thumb sucking

89
Q

Treatment of thumb sucking

A

Non appliance reminder
Removable palatal crib
Fixed palatal crib

90
Q

Abnormal tongue function and posture that cause many maloclussion. The effect and management at early stages may be helpful to prevent future severe skeletal malocclusions

A

Ortodoncia (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions