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relaciones internacionales > parcial 1 > Flashcards

parcial 1 Flashcards

1
Q

main actors of realism

A

rational state

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2
Q

objectives of realism

A

increase power
keep status quo
defend national security

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3
Q

strategies and instruments of realism

A

use of force
alliances
economic sanctions
coercive diplomacy

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4
Q

motivations of realism

A

national interest and national security

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5
Q

predominant level of analysis in realism

A

state

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6
Q

vision of the international system in realism

A

anarchic
few possibilities of change

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7
Q

mechanism to guarantee order in realism

A

balance of power

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8
Q

the capacity or ability to direct or influence the behaviour of other or the course of events

A

power

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9
Q

realpolitik:

A

politics of power

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10
Q

power is based in specific possessions like

A

state size
income levels
armed forces

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11
Q

refers to the general concept of power of one or more States that is used to balance that of another State or group of states

A

balance of power

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12
Q

it maintains the stability of the international system through alliances that adjust power relations

A

balance of power

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13
Q

is associated with the emergence and consolidation of the nation state as a political unit in the world and with the growth and supreme consideration of trade in world affairs

A

national interest

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14
Q

what was an element that gave impulses and content to the idea of national interest?

A

was the fall of the monarchy and the gradual triumph of republican and democratic ideas, that is, the growing popular participation

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15
Q

is a social construct, but organic, people share believes, language, traditions , and the state is the artificial structure

A

a nation

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16
Q

The concept of national interest is used both in political analysis and in political action, according to:

A

James N. Rosenau

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17
Q

The ultimate goat of a State’s Foreign Policy is

A

the satisfaction of the national interest

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18
Q

National Interest not only guides Foreign Policy, but also

A

public policies

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19
Q

the Foreign Policy is concretized through the

A

establishment of long, medium, and / or short- term objectives that will be sought in the international environment through the action of the State

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20
Q

Foreign Policy is permanent, but is not always the same, it changes every time a

A

factor of magnitude arises which forces a redefinition of the national interest or the new establishment of short, medium and / or long term objectives

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21
Q

2 elements of national security

A

territory and sovereignity

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22
Q

constitute the essential components of national security

A

the defense of the territory
the existence of a powerful military Force
the protection of citizens

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23
Q

A nation is safe when

A

its government has enough military power and capacity to prevent often states from attacking their vital interest and, in case of aggression, defend them through weapons.

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24
Q

tried to make realism more “Scientific”

A

Kenneth Waltz

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25
Q

Kenneth Waltz wrote

A

Man the state, and war
Theory of International Politics

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26
Q

Waltz extends international anarchy from a cause of war into a

A

systemic ordering principle of the international system, a move which give birth to the tradition of (neo)realism

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27
Q

in Man, the State, and War, Waltz argued that the major causes of war are

A

to be found at each of the 3 levels of analysis, with none of them alone being sufficient to explain why wars do o dont occur:

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28
Q

1 major cause of war

A

Human nature is too complex to be so directly and causally linked to war as the sole explanation for why wars occur

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29
Q

2 major cause of war

A

We must look to social and political institutions to supplement our understanding of why wars occur.

30
Q

3 major cause of war

A

In the international system - With many sovereign states, with no system of law enforceable among them, with each state judging its grievances and ambitions according to the dictates of its own reason or desire - conflict, sometimes leading to war, is bound to occur”

31
Q

Waltz describes international anarchy as a

A

permissive or underlying cause of war

32
Q

he limit on states’ abilities to cooperate with one another. Because there is no one to enforce cooperation, states will act in their own self-interests rather than in the interests of the state system

A

anarchy

33
Q

makes organizing generalizations about international politics

A

International Relations

34
Q

its a collection of stories about the world of international politics

A

International Relations

35
Q

is what we know but dont hink about, “what goes without saying”

A

common sense

36
Q

cultural stories are composed of

A

sense (consciousness) and common sense (unconsciousness)

37
Q

the social production or/and reproduction of sense, meaning and consciousness

A

culture

38
Q

is concerned with the production and exchange of meanings between members of a society or group

A

culture

39
Q

a fairy coherent and comprehensive set of ideas that explains and evaluated social conditions, helps people understand their place in society and provides for social and political action

A

conscious ideology

40
Q

how does culture relate to IR theory?

A

ir theory can be studied as a site of cultural practice, IR theory is an ensemble of stones told about the world it studies, which is the worlf of international politics.

41
Q

not formally name and that is therefore difficult to identify

A

unconscious

42
Q

conscious ideologies

A

liberalism
conservative
socialism
feminism

43
Q

unconscious ideology

A

boys will be boys
america has a classless society
english people are white
african people are black

44
Q

how is ideology related to culture?

A

if culture is a site of meaning production, ideology is a site where meaning that are culturally produced are transformed into just the way things are or the way ought to be

45
Q

is the transformation of what is particular, cultural and ideological into what appears to be universal, natural and purely empirical

A

myth

46
Q

how is power involved ?

A

transforming the cultural into the natural is a highly political that depends on all sorts of complex configurations of powers

47
Q

powers work through myths by

A

appearing to take the political out of the ideological

48
Q

Entity for cooperation that consists of borders, government, population and international recognition.

A

state

49
Q

It is a group that coexist and have things in common like culture or identity;some States have several nations, some nations don’t have a State.

A

nation

50
Q

Mix of a State with a Nation

A

nation-state

51
Q

It is an arena with multiple actors that interact in a certain way on a hierarchy that is set by power (economic, cultural, diplomatic, and military).

A

international system

52
Q

These are entities that have power of influencing the international system (NGOs, criminal and terrorist groups, States, Multinational coorporation,
media, International Organizations, etc.)

A

international actor

53
Q

They are resources used to institucionalize relationships
(Traties, etc.)

A

international institutes

54
Q

Entities that create spaces for cooperation and
communication for international actors to resolve conflicts and they provide resources for humanitarian, economical, and war resolutions.

A

international organizations

55
Q

The independence of a State from external interferance. States are the maximum power and sovereign States shouldn’t be disturbed by others.

A

sovereignity

56
Q

An authority, the opposite of anarchy.

A

political system

57
Q

A tool for governments to implement their foreign policy.

A

diplomacy

58
Q

Conflict between actors involving militarized power

A

war

59
Q

theories are like

A

maps

60
Q

variables in maps can be

A

states, organizations, people, economics, history, ideas, class, gender

61
Q

in a practical sense, IR theories can be best seen as

A

an analytical toolkit

62
Q

learning things that we borrow from pollitical science like realism liberalism

A

traditional theory

63
Q

english school, constructivism

A

middle ground theory

64
Q

70’s result of world movement that comes from questioning things, marxism, postcolonialism, feminism, poststructuralism

A

critical theory

65
Q

international conflict happens when there are voids in the balance of power

A

theoretical contribution

66
Q

founder of the modern political science

A

machiavelli

67
Q

Focused his work on internal policy. Believed in the need for a strong centralized power

A

Thomas Hobbes

68
Q

anarchy was his main contribution to the study of IR

A

Thomas Hobbes

69
Q

Concluded that the most important cause of WWI was the fear of a change of balance of power in Europe

A

Edward H. Carr

70
Q

Father of contemporary Realism

A

Hans Morgenthau

71
Q

problems of realism

A
  • unable to explain cooperation
  • state isnt unitary
  • cant explain and consequences and it does not have a method
  • cant explain the predominance of economic issues over security

relaciones internacionales (3 decks)

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