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Endocrine Physiology > Parathyroid Hormone > Flashcards

Parathyroid Hormone Flashcards

1
Q

Mild decreases in serum [Mg2+] __________ (stimulate/inhibit) PTH secretion

A

stimulate

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2
Q

Severe decreases in serum [Mg2+] __________ (stimulate/inhibit) PTH secretion

A

inhibit

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3
Q

Severe decreases in serum [Mg2+] may produce symptoms of _____________ (hyperparathyroidism/hypoparathyroidism)

A

hypoparathyroidism

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4
Q

The second messenger for PTH actions on its target tissues is?

A

cAMP

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5
Q

Bone resorption by PTH ________(will/will not) increase the serum ionized [Ca2+]

A

Will not

This effect on bone would not increase the serum ionized [Ca2+] because phosphate complexes Ca2+.

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6
Q

Resorption of the organic matrix of bone is reflected in increased ___________ excretion

A

hydroxyproline

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7
Q

PTH increases ________ reabsorption and _________ excretion in the renal tubules. (Calcium/Phosphate)

A

Calcium reabsorption

Phosphate excretion

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8
Q

________ generated as a result of the action of PTH on the proximal tubule is excreted
in the urine

A

cAMP

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9
Q

PTH increases intestinal Ca2+ absorption indirectly by stimulating the production of _______________ in the kidney

A

1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol

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10
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism occurs most commonly due to _____________

A

Parathyroid adenoma

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11
Q

Primary hyperparathyroidism is characterized by _________ (increased/decreased) excretion of calcium in the urine.

A

Increased.

↑ urinary Ca2+ excretion is caused by the increased filtered load of Ca2+

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12
Q

What are the characteristics of hyperparathyroidism?

a. Hypercalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, High urinary phosphate, Low urinary Ca2+, High urinary cAMP, High bone resorption
b. Hypocalcemia, Hyperphosphatemia, High urinary phosphate, High urinary Ca2+, Low urinary cAMP, High bone resorption
c. Hypercalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, High urinary phosphate, High urinary Ca2+, High urinary cAMP, High bone resorption

A

c. Hypercalcemia, Hypophosphatemia, High urinary phosphate, High urinary Ca2+, High urinary cAMP, High bone resorption

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13
Q

Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy is caused by ____________________ (PTH-related peptide/ PTH)

A

PTH-related peptide (PTH-rp)

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14
Q

High serum calcium, low serum phosphate, low PTH secretion and high phosphate excretion in urine is the characteristic of __________________?

A

Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy

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15
Q

In humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy, PTH levels are ________ (high/low)?

A

low

due to feedback inhibition from the high serum Ca2+

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16
Q

In ________ (hyperparathyroidism/hypoparathyroidism) the bone usually remains strong.

A

hypoparathyroidism

17
Q

Among the muscles of the body especially sensitive to

tetanic spasm are the _____________

A

Laryngeal muscles

18
Q

Usual cause of death in people with hypoparathyroidism is ____________ (obstruction of respiration/depressed nervous system)

A

obstruction of respiration

19
Q

Hypoparathyroidism is treated by __________ (PTH/Vitamin D)

A

VItamin D

20
Q

__________ (Hyperparathyroidism/Hypoparathyroidism) is most commonly a result of thyroid surgery

A

Hypoparathyroidism

21
Q

Hypoparathyroidism is characterized by

a. Low serum calcium, high serum phosphate and decreased phosphate excretion
b. High serum calcium, high serum phosphate and increased phosphate excretion
c. Low serum calcium, Low serum phosphate and decreased phosphate excretion
d. High serum calcium, Low serum phosphate and increased phosphate excretion

A

a. Low serum calcium, high serum phosphate and decreased phosphate excretion

22
Q

Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a is the result of defective ________ in kidney and bone

A

Gs protein

23
Q

In ____________________, organs become resistant to PTH

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

24
Q

High PTH, Low calcium serum levels, and high phosphate levels are a sign of _______________

A

Pseudohypoparathyroidism

25
Q

Low calcium levels in urine and high calcium levels in serum is due to ______________ (pseudohypoparathyroidism/ FHH)

A

FHH (familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia)

Endocrine Physiology (5 decks)

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