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Mycology > Parasitology III: Tissue Helminths Continued > Flashcards

Parasitology III: Tissue Helminths Continued Flashcards

1
Q

What is the distribution of Schistomsoma?

A

Africa, Middle East, South America

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2
Q

Who is at risk for getting Schistosoma?

A

Those swimming/bathing/washing in unclean waters

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3
Q

Symptoms of Schistosoma

A

Itchy maculopapular skin rash (swimmer’s itch)
Intermediate stage: Febrile illness
Chronic stage: Decreased blood flow to organs

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4
Q

Diagnosis of Schistosoma

A

Recovery of Schistosoma eggs in feces/urine

Peripheral eosinophilia

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5
Q

Treatment of Schistosoma

A

Antihistamines
Corticosteroids
Praziquantel to kill the worms

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6
Q

What is the distribution of Paragonimus westermani?

A

Southeast Asia, Japan, Americas, Africa

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7
Q

Who is at risk for Paragonimus infection?

A

People eating undercooked/raw crawfish and crabs

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8
Q

Symptoms of Paragonimus

A

Productive cough with rusty-colored/blood-tinged sputum

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9
Q

Diagnosis of Paragonimus

A

ID of Paragonimus eggs (thick and asymmetric)

Antibody tests for P. westermani antigens

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10
Q

Treatment for Paragonimus

A

Praziquantel

For cerebral disease: Corticosteroids given with praziquantel

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11
Q

Who is at risk for Chlonorchis infection?

A

People living in Asia who have consumed undercooked freshwater fish

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12
Q

Symptoms of Chlonorchis

A

Inflammation/obstruction of the bile duct

Can also infect the liver and the gallbladder

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13
Q

Diagnosis of Chlonorchis

A

ID eggs in the stool

Ultrasound/CT

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14
Q

Treatment for Chlonorchis

A

Praziquantel

Albendazole

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15
Q

Who is at risk for Echinococcus?

A

People who work with dog feces, sheep, or sheep-dogs

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16
Q

Symptoms of Echinococcus

A

Cysts in the liver or the lung

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17
Q

Diagnosis of Echinococcus

A

Presence of cysts

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18
Q

Treatment of Echinococcus

A

Surgery
Albendazole
“PAIR”…Percutaneous aspiration, injection of chemicals, re-aspiration

19
Q

What does Brugia malayi cause?

A

Lymphatic filariasis

20
Q

Who is at risk for Brugia malayi?

A

People living a long time in tropical/sub-tropical climates

21
Q

Symptoms of Brugia

A

Lymphadema

Hardening/thickening of the skin: elephantitis

22
Q

Diagnosis of Brugia malayi

A

ID of microfilariae in blood smear

23
Q

Treatment of Brugia malayi

A

Diethyl-carbamazine
Ivermectin
Doxycycline

24
Q

What does Onchocerca volvulus cause?

A

River blindness

25
Q

Who is at risk for Onchocerca volvulus?

A

People who live around rivers in Africa, South and Central America where the Simulium blackfly is found

26
Q

What fly causes Onchocerca volvulus?

A

Simulium blackflies

27
Q

Symptoms of Onchocerca volvulus

A

Vision alterations

“Leopard skin”…thin skin/loss of elasticity

28
Q

Diagnosis of Onchocerca

A

Skin snips. Larvae emerge when tissues are placed in saline

29
Q

Treatment of Onchocerca

A

Ivermectin

Doxycycline

30
Q

What is the distribution of Loa Loa?

A

Western and Central Africa

31
Q

Symptoms of Loa Loa

A

“Calabar swellings”…6+ months post infection get swelling in the limbs and joints
Eye itching

32
Q

What is the infectious stage of Schistosoma?

A

Cercariae in the water

33
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Schistosoma?

A

Eggs in feces and urine

34
Q

Egg of S. hematombium

A

Terminal spike and found in the urine

35
Q

Egg of S. mansoni

A

Lateral spike and found in the feces

36
Q

Egg of S. japonicum

A

Found in the feces

37
Q

Infectious stage of Paragonimus

A

Cercariae in crustacean

38
Q

Diagnostic stage of Paragonimus

A

Unembryonated eggs in feces

39
Q

What is the infectious stage in Echinococcus?

A

Egg in the feces

40
Q

What is the diagnostic stage in Echinococcus?

A

Hydatid cyst

41
Q

What is the infectious stage of Onchocerca volvulus?

A

Larvae

42
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Onchocerca volvulus?

A

Adult unsheathed microfilarie

43
Q

What is the infectious stage of Loa Loa?

A

Larvae

44
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Loa Loa?

A

Sheathed microfilariae

Mycology (5 decks)

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