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PARASITOLOGY - CESTODES Flashcards

1
Q

Cestodes are also known as?

A

Tapeworms

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2
Q

General appearance of Cestodes?

A

Flat, Ribbon-like

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3
Q

Color of Cestodes

A

White, yellowish

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4
Q

T or F: Cestodes are Dioecious.

A

False (Cestodes are monoecious)

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5
Q

T or F: Cestodes have a well-developed reproductive organs

A

True

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6
Q

Part of Cestodes that serves as its means for acquiring nutrients. This is defined as an outer covering which serves as entry of food and nutrients and exit of wastes.

A

Tegument

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7
Q

Habitat of Adult Cestodes?

A

Small intestine of their final host

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8
Q

Habitat of Larva Cestodes?

A

Tissues of their intermediate host

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9
Q

MOT of Cestodes

A

Ingestion or Oral route

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10
Q

T or F: All Cestodes are heteroxenous, meaning they require more than 1 host.

A

True

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11
Q

The only sp. of Cestodes that can be both heteroxenous and monoxenous. If this sp. is monoxenous, it requires 1 host only, usually the final host.

A

Hymenolepis nana

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12
Q

T or F: Eggs of Cestodes are operculated and mature/embryonated.

A

False. The eggs of Cestodes are NON-OPERCULATED and mature.

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13
Q

The only sp. of Cestodes with an egg that is not non-operculated and mature.

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

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14
Q

Life cycle of Cestodes?

A

Egg to Larva to Adult

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15
Q

What are the 3 parts of an Adult Cestodes?

A

Scolex/Head
Neck
Proglottids/Segments

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16
Q

Attachment organ of Cestodes; This part of Cestodes attach to the linings of the small intestines using 4 cup-like suckers/grooves/acetabulum

A

Scolex/Head

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17
Q

Shape of Scolex/Head of Cestodes

A

Globular
Pyriform
Spoon-like

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18
Q

Shape/s of Scolex/Head that may have Rostellum?

A

Globular
Pyriform

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19
Q

Shape/s of Scolex/Head that will never have Rostellum?

A

Spoon-like

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20
Q

4-cup like suckers/grooves/acetabulum of cestodes are also called as?

A

Quadrate

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21
Q

Fleshy extension of scolex or the crown area of scolex is called?

A

Rostellum

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22
Q

Rostellum may be?

A

Armed or Unarmed

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23
Q

Rostellum with hooklets/hooks are called?

A

Armed

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24
Q

Rostellum without hooklets/hooks are called?

A

Unarmed

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25
Q

Enumerate the spp. with armed rostellum.
Clue: 4 spp.

A

Taenia solium
Hymenolepis nana
Diphyllobothrium latum
Echinococcus granulosus

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26
Q

Enumerate the spp. with unarmed rostellum.
Clue: 2 spp.

A

Taenia saginata
Hymenolepis diminuta

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27
Q

Sp. of cestodes with NO rostellum is?

A

Taenia saginata

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28
Q

Sp. of cestodes with rostellum but NO hooks is?

A

Hymenolepis diminuta

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29
Q

This part of cestodes consists of germinative tissues; it is known as the REGION OF GROWTH of cestodes

A

Neck

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30
Q

Part of the cestodes also known as “The Budding Zone”

A

Neck

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31
Q

Part of the cestodes that may be shed and passed out in stool

A

Proglottids/Segments

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32
Q

This is the ability of segments to detach from the chain

A

Apolysis

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33
Q

T or F: Proglottids/segments can be immature, mature, or gravid/ripe.

A

True

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34
Q

Segments nearest to the neck is known as?

A

Immature segments

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35
Q

Segment where there is a development of reproductive structure is known as?

A

Mature segments

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36
Q

Each mature segments contains?

A

1 testis
2 ovaries
1 genital pore

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37
Q

A cestode sp. with a 3rd ovary is?

A

Taenia solium

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38
Q

The 3rd ovary of Taenia solium is called?

A

Accessory ovarian lobe

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39
Q

A cestode sp. with 2 genital pore is?

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

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40
Q

The 2 genital pore of Diphyllobothrium latum located bilaterally is called?

A

Bilateral genital pore

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41
Q

Segment of cestodes filled with eggs and has a much-developed reproductive structures

A

Gravid/Ripe

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42
Q

Chain f proglottids/segments is called?

A

Strobila

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43
Q

T or F: All cestodes are APOLYTIC which means they are capable of segment shedding.

A

True

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44
Q

The only cestode that is NOT APOLYTIC since its segments are impossible to recover as they are ANAPOLYTIC.

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

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45
Q

What are the 2 groups of Cestodes?

A

Pseudophyllidean
Cyclophyllidean

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46
Q

False tapeworms

A

Pseudophyllidean

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47
Q

True tapeworms

A

Cyclophyllidean

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48
Q

Enumerate the spp. under Pseudophyllidean.

A

Diphyllobothrium latum
Spirometra

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49
Q

Enumerate the spp. under Cyclophyllidean.

A

Taenia solium
Taenia saginata
Dipylidium caninum
Hymenolepis nana
Echinococcus granulosus

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50
Q

Group of cestode with a spoon-shaped, spatula, almond shaped scolex, a scolex with bothria (sucking grooves), and a scolex with no hooklets

A

Pseudophyllidean

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51
Q

Group of cestode with a globular or pyriform shape scolex, a scolex with quadrate (four cuplike suckers), and some scolex with rostellum (with or without hooklets)

A

Cyclophyllidean

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52
Q

Group of cestode with an anapolytic strobila

A

Pseudophyllidean

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53
Q

Group of cestode with an apolytic strobila

A

Cyclophyllidean

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54
Q

Group of cestode with a segment that have UTERINE pore and GENITAL pore which are both CENTRALLY located

A

Pseudophyllidean

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55
Q

Group of cestode with segment that have ONLY GENITAL pore which is LATERALLY located

A

Cyclophyllidean

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56
Q

Group of cestode that have a gravid proglottid where ALL REPRODUCTIVE STRUCTURES are seen

A

Pseudophyllidean

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57
Q

Group of cestode that have a gravid proglottid where ONLY UTERUS can be seen in different shapes/pattern

A

Cyclophyllidean

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58
Q

Group of cestodes with an OVAL, OPERCULATED, IMMATURE ova

A

Pseudophyllidean

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59
Q

Group of cestodes with a HEXACANTH EMBRYO/ONCOSPHERE ova; SPHERICAL, NON-OPERCULATED, EMBRYONATED ova with hooklets

A

Cyclophyllidean

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60
Q

What are the larval stages of Pseudophyllidean cestodes?

A

1st: Coracidium
2nd: Procercoid
3rd: Plerocercoid/Sparganum

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61
Q

What are the larval stages of Cyclophyllidean cestodes?

A

1st: Cysticercus
2nd: Cysticercoid
3rd: Hydatid

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62
Q

Group of cestodes with 2 intermediate hosts?

A

Pseudophyllidean

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63
Q

Group of cestodes with none to 1 intermediate host?

A

Cyclophyllidean

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64
Q

What are the 2 intermediate hosts of Pseudophyllidean?

A

1st: Crustaceans (Copepods, Cyclops)
2nd: Fresh water fishes

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65
Q

Cestode sp. under Cyclophyllidean that has 1 definitive/final host if it has no intermediate host?

A

Hymenolepis nana

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66
Q

T or F: All cestodes, may it be pseudophyllidean or cyclophyllidean, require only 1 final host.

A

True

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67
Q

From what order is Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Order Pseudophyllidean

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68
Q

What are the 4 common name of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Broad Fish Tapeworm
Broad Tapeworm
Fish Tapeworm
Russian Broad Tapeworm

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69
Q

What is the new name of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Dibothriocephalus latus

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70
Q

What is the habitat of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Small intestine

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71
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Egg or Scolex

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72
Q

What is the infective stage of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Plerocercoid larva or Sparganum

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73
Q

What is the 1st intermediate host of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Copepods (Cyclops, Diaptomus)

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74
Q

What is the 2nd intermediate host of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Fresh water fish (small fishes) such as salmonoid fish

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75
Q

What is/are the MOT of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

If Diphyllobothriasis, INGESTION OF 2ND INTERMEDIATE HOST infected with PLEROCERCOID

If Sparaganosis, INGESTION OF 1ST INTERMEDIATE HOST infected with PROCERCOID LARVA

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76
Q

What is the pathology of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Tapeworm Anemia or Bothriocephalus Anemia

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77
Q

A pathology of Diphyllobothrium latum that causes adult D. latum to take up large amount of Vit B12 resulting in MACROCYTIC, MEGALOBLASTIC anemia. This disease also demonstrates presence of megaloblastic cells in circulation and sometimes demonstrate PERNICIOUS ANEMIA.

A

Tapeworm Anemia or Bothriocephalus Anemia

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78
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum adult morphology in terms of length?

A

3-10 meters

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79
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum adult morphology in terms of scolex?

A

Spatulate/spoon/almond with 2 bothrium

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80
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum adult morphology in terms of uterus?

A

Rosette-like appearance

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81
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum adult morphology in terms of strobila?

A

Up to 4,000 proglottids and has both uterine pore and genital pore

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82
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum ova morphology?

A

UNembyonated, OPERCULATED, on one end with TERMINAL KNOB on the abopercular end + underdeveloped coracidium

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83
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum ova is mistaken with?

A

Paragonimus ova

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84
Q

Laboratory diagnosis for Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Stool examination (Direct Fecal Smear and Kato technique)
Examination of Gastric Juice (measures free HCl)

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85
Q

Laboratory dx for Diphyllobothrium latum by stool examination using DFS or Kato technique specifically looks for?

A

Diphyllobothrium latum eggs or scolex (not scolex since D. latum is anapolytic)

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86
Q

Laboratory dx for Diphyllobothrium latum that DIFFERENTIATES DIPHYLLOBOTHRIASIS FROM PERNICIOUS ANEMIA?

A

Examination of Gastric Juice [Diphyllobothriasis is HCl (+) while Pernicious anemia is HCl (-)]

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87
Q

From what order is Taenia saginata?

A

Order Cyclophyllidean

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88
Q

What are the 2 common names of Taenia saginata?

A

Beef Tapeworm
Unarmed Tapeworm

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89
Q

What is the longest cestodes (can grow up to 25 meters in length)?

A

Taenia saginata

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90
Q

What is the habitat of Taenia saginata?

A

Small intestine

91
Q

What are the 3 intermediate hosts of Taenia saginata?

A

Cattle
Cow
Camel

92
Q

What is the definitive host of Taenia saginata?

93
Q

What is the larval stage of Taenia saginata found in the tissues?

A

Cysticercus bovis

94
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Taenia saginata?

A

Ova, Proglottids

95
Q

What is the infective stage of Taenia saginata?

A

Cysticercus bovis

96
Q

What is the MOT of Taenia saginata?

A

Ingestion of measly beef with infective larva (raw/improperly cooked)

97
Q

What is the pathology of Taenia saginata?

A

Taeniasis saginata

98
Q

A disease caused by infection with Taenia saginata that MAY LEAD TO INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION due to tangled proglottids.

A

Taeniasis saginata

99
Q

Taenia saginata adult morphology in terms of scolex (shape, rostellum, hooklets)?

A

Shape: Globular, Quadrate
Rostellum: None
Hooklets: None

100
Q

Taenia saginata adult morphology in terms of gravid proglottid?

A

With 8-12 LATERAL branches
Appears Dichotomous/tree-like

101
Q

Adult Taenia saginata length?

A

5-10 meters (up to 25 meters)

102
Q

Taenia saginata ova morphology: unembryonated or embryonated?

A

Embryonated

103
Q

Taenia saginata ova morphology: shape?

104
Q

Taenia saginata ova morphology: radially striated with how many pairs of hooklets?

105
Q

Taenia saginata ova morphology: motile or nonmotile?

106
Q

T or F: Egg of Taenia spp. are distinguishable.

A

False. It is indistinguishable.

107
Q

How do we report egg of Taenia spp.?

A

Report as Taenia spp. ova only (not specific if T. saginata or T. solium since they are indistinguishable)

108
Q

From what order is Taenia solium?

A

Order Cyclophyllidean

109
Q

What are the 2 common name of Taenia solium?

A

Pork Tapeworm
Armed Tapeworm

110
Q

What is the habitat of Taenia solium?

A

Small intestine

111
Q

What are the 2 intermediate host of Taenia solium?

112
Q

What is the definitive host of Taenia solium?

113
Q

What is the larval stage of Taenia solium found in tissues?

A

Cysticercus cellulosae

114
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Taenia solium?

A

Ova, Proglottids

115
Q

What is the infective stage of Taenia solium?

A

Cysticercus cellulosae and embryonated egg

116
Q

What is the MOT of Taenia solium?

A

Ingestion of measly pork and/or embryonated egg (raw/improperly cooked pork)

117
Q

What are the pathology of Taenia solium?

A

Taeniasis solium
Cysticercosis
Neurocysticercosis

118
Q

Pathology of Taenia solium due to ADULT causing abdominal discomfort, hunger, and malabsorption?

A

Taeniasis solium

119
Q

Pathology of Taenia solium due to LARVA?

A

Cysticercosis

120
Q

The most serious manifestation of cysticercosis?

A

Neurocysticercosis

121
Q

The most common CNS parasitic disease?

A

Neurocysticercosis

122
Q

A sp. passed out in stool (segments) due to irritation with ALCOHOL INGESTION leading to apolysis and causing the segments to be activated making it infectious?

A

Taenia solium

123
Q

Taenia solium adult morphology in terms of scolex (shape, rostellum, hooklets)?

A

Shape: Globular, Quadrate
Rostellum: Armed
Hooklets: 2 rows of large and small hooks

124
Q

Taenia solium adult morphology in terms of gravid proglottid?

A

With 15-30 LATERAL branches
Appears Dendritic/Finger-like

125
Q

What is the length of adult Taenia solium?

A

2-8 meters

126
Q

Taenia solium ova morphology: embyonated or unembryonated?

A

Embryonated

127
Q

Taenia solium ova morphology: shape?

128
Q

Taenia solium ova morphology: radially striated with how many pairs of hooklets?

129
Q

Taenia solium ova morphology: motile or nonmotile?

130
Q

What is the 3rd sp. of Taenia?

A

Taenia asiatica

131
Q

What is the other name of Taenia asiatica?

A

Taenia saginata asiatica

132
Q

What is the common name of Taenia asiatica?

A

Asian Taenia spp.

133
Q

Taenia asiatica is previously termed as?

A

Taiwan taenia spp.

134
Q

To what sp. does Taenia asiatica closely resembles?

A

Taenia saginata

135
Q

What are the 5 intermediate host of Taenia asiatica?

A

Pigs
Cattle
Goats
Wild boar
Monkeys

136
Q

What is the larval stage of Taenia asiatica?

A

Cysticercus viscerotropica

137
Q

From what order is Hymenolepis nana?

A

Order Cyclophyllidean

138
Q

What is the common name of Hymenolepis nana?

A

Dwarf Tapeworm

139
Q

True Human Tapeworm?

A

Hymenolepis nana

140
Q

The only cestode that can complete its life cycle in 1 host

A

Hymenolepis nana

141
Q

The MOST COMMON CESTODE OF MAN

A

Hymenolepis nana

142
Q

Smallest tapeworm?

A

Hymenolepis nana

143
Q

Deadliest tapeworm?

A

Hymenolepis nana

144
Q

What is the habitat of Hymenolepis nana?

A

Small intestine

145
Q

T or F: Hymenolepis nana can have a direct/simple life cycle or indirect/complex life cycle or both.

146
Q

T or F: In direct/simple life cycle of Hymenolepis nana, only 1 host is required which is usually the final host.

147
Q

What is the final/definitive host of Hymenolepis nana in direct/simple life cycle?

148
Q

T or F: In indirect/complex life cycle of Hymenolepis nana, 2 or more hosts are required.

149
Q

In indirect/complex life cycle of Hymenolepis nana, what are the 5 intermediate hosts?

A

Rice/flour beetles (Tribolium & Tenebrio spp.)
Dog flea (Ctenocephalides canis)
Human flea (Pulex irritans)
Rat flea (Xenopsylla cheopsis)
German cockroach (Blatella germanica)

150
Q

What is the definitive host of Hymenolepis nana?

151
Q

What is the larval stage of Hymenolepis nana found in the tissues?

A

Cystercoid larva

152
Q

What is the diagnostic stage of Hymenolepis nana?

A

Ova, Proglottids

153
Q

What is the infective stage of Hymenolepis nana in Direct/Simple life cycle?

A

Embryonated egg

154
Q

What is the infective stage of Hymenolepis nana Indirect/Complex life cycle?

A

Cystercoid larva

155
Q

What is the MOT of Hymenolepis nana?

A

Ingestion of Cystercoid larva or embryonated egg

156
Q

Hymenolepis nana adult morphology in terms of scolex (shape, rostellum, hooklets)?

A

Shape: Subglobular, Quadrate
Rostellum: Armed, Retractable
Hooklets: Single row of 20-30 Y-SHAPED

157
Q

Hymenolepis nana adult morphology in terms of gravid proglottid?

A

Sac-like (saccular) uterus filled with eggs
CRASPEDOTE FORM (overlapping)

158
Q

What is the length of adult Hymenolepis nana?

159
Q

Hymenolepis nana ova morphology: how many pairs of hooklets?

A

3 pairs (hexacanth embryo)

160
Q

Hymenolepis nana ova morphology: POLAR THICKENING, present or absent? If present, how many pairs?

A

Present (2 pairs)

161
Q

Hymenolepis nana ova morphology: POLAR FILAMENTS, present or absent? If present, how many?

A

Present, 4-8 polar filaments

162
Q

Hymenolepis nana ova morphology: EMBRYOPHORE, present or absent? If present, what color?

A

Present, Colorless

163
Q

From what order is Hymenolepis diminuta?

A

Order Cyclophyllidean

164
Q

What is the common name of Hymenolepis diminuta?

A

Rat Tapeworm

165
Q

What is the habitat of Hymenolepis diminuta?

A

Small intestine

166
Q

What is the intermediate host of Hymenolepis diminuta?

A

Arthropods (Grain beetle, flea, cockroach, mealworms, earwigs, myriapods, lepidopterans)

167
Q

What are the definitive host of Hymenolepis diminuta?

A

Rat
Man (Accidental host)

168
Q

What is the larval stage of Hymenolepis diminuta found in tissues?

A

Cystercoid larva

169
Q

What is the MOT of Hymenolepis diminuta?

A

Ingestion of Cystercoid larva

170
Q

T or F: Infection with Hymenolepis diminuta is ASYMPTOMATIC at light infection and is usually presented with diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pains, and anorexia.

171
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta adult morphology in terms of scolex (shape, rostellum, hooklets)?

A

Shape: Globular, Quadrate
Rostellum: Unarmed
Hooklets: –

172
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta adult morphology in terms of gravid proglottid?

A

Sac-like (saccular) uterus filled with eggs
CRASPEDOTE FORM (overlapping)

173
Q

What is the length of adult Hymenolepis diminuta?

174
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta ova morphology: how many pairs of hooklets?

A

3 pairs (hexacanth embryo)

175
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta ova morphology: POLAR THICKENING, present or absent? If present how many?

A

Present, can be 1 polar

176
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta ova morphology: POLAR FILAMENTS, present or absent? If present, how many?

A

Absent, intralaminal/intraluminal layer only giving FRIED EGG APPEARANCE OR SUNNY SIDE UP APPEARANCE

177
Q

A sp. with an ova that gives a fried egg appearance or sunny side up appearance?

A

Hymenolepis diminuta

178
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta ova morphology: EMBRYOPHORE, present or absent? If present, what color?

A

Present, Colorless

179
Q

What are the laboratory diagnosis for T. saginata, T. solium. H. nana, and H. diminuta?

A

Stool exam (DFS, Concentration techniques) and Double Slide Compression Method

180
Q

In the laboratory diagnosis of T. saginata, T. solium. H. nana, and H. diminuta using DFS and Concentration techniques, what do we look for?

A

Eggs, Proglottids, Scolex

181
Q

In the laboratory diagnosis of T. saginata, T. solium. H. nana, and H. diminuta using Double Slide Compression Method, what is the sample used?

A

Gravid proglottids passed out in stool

182
Q

In the laboratory diagnosis of T. saginata, T. solium. H. nana, and H. diminuta using Double Slide Compression Method, what is being demonstrated?

A

Lateral branches (uterus) in the proglottids

183
Q

The stain being injected through genital pore to visualize the lateral branches (uterus) in the proglottids of Taenia spp. in Double Slide Compression Method?

184
Q

A laboratory method for diagnosis of Taenia spp. only (in cestodes) and E. vermicularis (in nematodes).

A

Perianal swab

185
Q

From what order is Dipylidium caninum?

A

Order Cyclophyllidean

186
Q

What are the 5 common name of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Dog Tapeworm
Double-pored Tapeworm
Flea Tapeworm
Cucumber Tapeworm
Pumpkin seed Tapeworm

187
Q

What is the final host of Dog Tapeworm?

188
Q

Dipylidium caninum is also known as Double-pored Tapeworm because of?

A

2 genital pore bilaterally located

189
Q

What are the shapes of Dipylidium caninum segments when passed out in stool?

A

Cucumber (seed) and Pumpkin seed

190
Q

What is the habitat of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Small intestine

191
Q

What are the 4 intermediate host of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Dog louse - Trichodectes canis
Dog flea - Ctenocephalides canis
Cat flea - Ctenocephalides felis
Human flea - Pulex irritans

192
Q

What are the definitive host of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Dog
MAN (Accidental final host)

193
Q

What is the larval stage of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Cystercoid

194
Q

What is the infective stage of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Cystercoid

195
Q

What are the diagnostic stage of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Ova, Scolex, Proglottid

196
Q

What is the MOT of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Ingestion of infected flea

197
Q

Discuss the pathology of Dipylidium caninum infection.

A

ASYMPTOMATIC at light infection and is usually presented with appetite loss, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, and indigestion

198
Q

Dipylidium caninum adult morphology in terms of scolex (shape, rostellum, hooklets)?

A

Shape: Globular, Quadrate
Rostellum: Armed, CLUB-SHAPED
Hooklets: 1-7 rows, ROSETHORN-SHAPED HOOKS

199
Q

Dipylidium caninum adult morphology in terms of gravid proglottid?

A

With BILATERAL GENITAL PORE
MELON/PUMPKIN-SHAPED, RICE GRAIN

200
Q

What is the length of adult Dipylidium caninum?

A

10-70 meters

201
Q

Dipylidium caninum ova morphology?

A

Egg resembles that of Taenia ova and MULTIPLE OVA ARE ENCLOSED IN AN EGG CAPSULE OR PACKETS (5-25 ova)

202
Q

What sp. has the largest egg of all cestodes?

A

Dipylidium caninum

203
Q

What is the laboratory method used to diagnose Dipylidium caninum infection?

A

Stool examination (look for ova, scolex, proglottids)

204
Q

From what order is Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Order Cyclophyllidean

205
Q

What is the common name of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Hydatid Worm

206
Q

What is the old name of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Taenia granulosus

207
Q

What is the habitat of ADULT Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Small intestine

208
Q

What is the habitat of LARVA Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Connective tissues

209
Q

What are the 6 intermediate host of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Sheep
Ox
Goat
Horse
Camel
Man (harbors the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus)

210
Q

What is the definitive host of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Dog (Canines)

211
Q

What is the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Hydatid cyst

212
Q

What is the infective stage of Echinococcus granulosus to final host (dog)?

A

Hydatid cyst

213
Q

What is the infective stage of Echinococcus granulosus to intermediate host (including man)?

A

Embryonated ova

214
Q

What is the MOT of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Ingestion of egg

215
Q

What is the pathology of Echinococcus granulosus where a hydatid cyst in CT is present?

A

Hydatidosis or Hydatid disease or Cystic Echinococcosis

216
Q

A slow-growing, fluid-filled, tumor-like and space occupying lesions which may cause anaphylactic show and even death if ruptured.

A

Hydatid cyst

217
Q

Echinococcus granulosus adult morphology in terms of scolex (shape, rostellum, hooklets)?

A

Shape: PYRIFORM
Rostellum: Prominently armed
Hooklets: 30-36 prominent hooks

218
Q

Echinococcus granulosus adult morphology in terms of strobila?

A

Only has 3 segments (1 mature, 1 immature, 1 gravid) making Echinococcus granulosus the SHORTEST TAPEWORM

219
Q

Echinococcus granulosus adult morphology in terms of gravid proglottid?

A

With midline, loosely-twisted uterus
WIDEST AND LONGEST PROGLOTTID

220
Q

What is the adult length of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

3-8 meters

221
Q

Echinococcus granulosus ova morphology?

A

Similar with Taenia egg but NEVER RECOVERED IN STOOL AS MAN HARBORS ASEXUAL STAGE

222
Q

What are the 4 laboratory methods for the diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection?

A

Roentgenogram (X-ray)
Ultrasonography (Ultrasound)
Immunologic test (Bentonite Floccation Test and Cansoni Intradermal Test)
Exploratory Cyst Puncture (Puncture, Aspirate, Inject protoscolicidal agent, Reaspirate)

223
Q

What are the 2 immunologic test for the diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection?

A

Bentonite Floccation test
Casoni Intradermal test

224
Q

What is done in Exploratory Cyst Puncture for the diagnosis of Echinococcus granulosus infection?

A

Puncture
Aspirate
Inject protoscolicidal agent
Reaspirate

MTAP 1 (7 decks)

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