Parasitology Flashcards
most common causeof pyogenic liver abscess
e. coli
most common extra intestinal site of amoebiasis
liver
flask-like primary ulcer, crateriform appearance, anchovy paste liver abscess
amoebiasis
which lobe is more likely to be involve in amoebic liver abscess
right lobe
4x more likely than left because it receives bulk of the venous drainage from the right colon
Treatment of choice for amoebiasis
Metronidazole
(750mg TIDpo 5-10 days)
Lodoquinol
(650mg TIDpo for 20days)
Infection contracted after swimming and diving in warm, still waters of lakes, ponds or backwater bays
Naegleria fowleri (entry: nose)
causative agent for Primary amoebic meningo encephalitis(PAM)
Naegleria fowleri
Brain-eating amoeba,
free- living
acanthamoeba
drug of choice for acanthamoeba infection
amphotericin B
symmetrically pear shaped, rounded anteriorly and pointed posteriorly, (+)sucking discs
Giardia Lamblia
Falling leaf motility, smiling face with prominent eyes or “owls eye”
Giardia Lamblia
Giardia Lamblia diagnosis
fecalysis, duodenal aspirate (organism lives in the duodenum)
Giardia Lamblia DOC
Metronidazole
Quinacrine HCL doc
vaginitis, urethritis,
only trophozoite stage is found, Shorter undulating membrane
trichomonas vaginalis
Jerky tumbling motility,seen on “fresh mount”,
trichomonas vaginalis
trichomonas vaginalis DOC
metronidazole
250mg TID x 5-7 days
strawberry cervix
trichomonas vaginalis
Longest of the tapeworms, fish tapeworm, gravid uterus forms a rosette appearance, oval eggs with lid-like opening(operculum)
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Can cause B12 deficiency, megaloblastic anemia
Diphyllobothrium Latum
Unilocular Hydatid cyst,
dogs/sheep (definitive host)
Echinococcus Granulosus
most common siste of dogtapeworm hydatid cyst,
liver
dogtapeworm hydatid cyst on rupture causes what?
anaphylactic shock
dogtapeworm diagnostic test?
Casoni skin test
MC cause of spleenic cyst
Echinococcus Granulosus
associated with ingestion of raw or undercooked fish
Clonorchis sinensis
aka. Chinese Liver Fluke
Clonorchis sinensis
carinoma from Clonorchis sinensis
Cholangiocarcinoma
DOC for Clonorchis sinensis
Praziquantel
old fashioned electric bulb appearance of egg
Clonorchis sinensis
tumor on the bifurcation of the hepatic duct, also associated with Clonorchis sinensis
Klatskin tumor
aka Cat liver fluke, also causes cholangio CA
opistorchis felineus
Scariest intestinal worm, wandering behavior
Ascaris Lumbricoides
Hurt lung-migration of Ascaris Lumbricoides
Loffler’s syndrome
Ascaris Lumbricoides DOC
Pyrantel pamoate, mebendazole
Gravid female adult migrates to peri anal skin to deposit embryonated eggs, nocturnal pruritus ani
Enterobius Vermicularis
Diagnostics for Enterobius Vermicularis
Scotch tape, cellophane anal swab
aka anal pinworm, sitworm, threadworm
Enterobius Vermicularis
smallest nematode, has both a free living cycle and a parasitic cycle
Strongyloides Stercoralis
Aka. thread worm
Strongyloides Stercoralis
Strongyloides Stercoralis DOC
Albendazole, thiabendazole
Dwarf threadworm
Strongyloides Stercoralis
Strongyloides Stercoralis infective stage
diagnostic stage
filariform larva
rhabditiform larva
Strongyloides Stercoralis culture medium
Harada-Mori culture technique
trichinosis, intestinal nematode that encyst in tissue, assoc. with eating raw or undercooked meat
Trichinella spiralis
Trichinella spiralis dx
muscle biopsy
bachman intradermal test
whipworm, causes muscle inflammation and periorbital edema,
Trichuris Trichiura
Trichuris Trichiura DX
Bentonite flocculation test
serologic test
Trichuris Trichiura DOC
Thiabendazole
Trichuris Trichiura final habitat
cecum and ascending colon
Trichuris Trichiura prominent clinical manifestation
rectal prolapse
japanese lantern, football shaped appearance, bipolar mucus plug in microscopy,
Trichuris Trichiura
Old world hookworm, (+)teeth, DFS, (+)rhabditiform and filariform larva
Ancylostoma duodenela
New world hookworm, (+)cutting plates, DFS, (+)rhabditiform and filariform larva
Necator Americanus
Tissue nematodes, pointed tail contains nuclei, deerfly,mangofly
Loa Loa
Loa Loa hypersensitivity reaction causes transient localized swelling and edema in the subcutaneous tissue
Calabar swelling
Loa Loa DOC
Diethylcarbamazine
Black river blindness disease
Onchocerca volvulus
Onchocerca volvulus vector
black fly
Onchocerca volvulus DOC
Ivermectin, (affects microfiliaria not adult worms)
Suramin (for adult worms and with eye disease)
a skin reaction that occurs in humans when the microfilariae of onchocerca volvulus in cutaneous sites are killed by the administration of DEC
Mazzoti reaction
Causes Filariasis, elephantiasis, pointed tail free of nuclei
Wuchereria Bancrofti
Wuchereria Bancrofti DX
Thick blood smear
( taken at night displays microfilaria)
Wuchereria Bancrofti DOC
Diethylcarbamazine
effective against microfilaria
Causes Malayan Lymphatic filariasis
Brugia Malayi
Brugia Malayi elephantiasis is localized where?
below knee
major cause of visceral larva migrans (2)
Toxocara canis
(defenitive host dog)
Toxocara catis
(defenitive host cat)
Brugia Malayi DOC
DEC
dog hookworm’/cat hookworm
Ancylostoma caninum/braziliense
Cutaneous lava migrans
Ancylostoma braziliense
cat/dog hookworm characteristic inflammatory lesion
creeping reaction
cat/dog hookworm DOC
Thiabendazole
Ingestion through contaminated fish,
peanut shell appearance on microscopy
Capillaria Philippinensis
Bilharzia, Snail fever
Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis:
large lateral spine
S. mansoni
Schistosomiasis:
japonicum
very small lateral spine
Schistosomiasis: haematobium
terminal spine
Schistosomiasis intermediate hosts
oncomelania quadriasi
Schistosomiasis definitive hosts
human
Schistosomiasis Parasites approach sexual maturity and commencement of oviposition causes this reaction
Katayama fever/ acute schistosomiasis
swimmers itch
Schistosomiasis
MC mansoni, japonicum
Schistosomiasis japonicum diagnosis: feces? serum?
feces: Kato-Katz
serum: COPT (Circum oval precipitin test)
Schistosomiasis DOC
Praziquantel
Pipestem fiborsis
Schistosomiasis
causes urinary schistosomiasis
Schistosomia hematobium
predispose to squamous cell CA
Disease: Chaga’s disease
Vector:reduvid /kissing bug
Infective stage: trypomastigote
trypanosoma cruzi
Disease: african sleeping sickeness
Vector: tsetse fly/glossina
Infective stage: trypomastigote
trypanosoma gambiense
trypanosoma rhodisiense
Early sign of trypanosoma infection
Chagoma (Romana’s sign)
causes Kala-azar or visceral Leishmaniasis
Leishmania Donovani
Dum-dum fever
Leishmania
Causes mucocutaneous leishmaniasis
Leishmania braziliensis
Vector of Leishmaniasis
Sandfly
Infective stage of Leishmaniasis
Promastigote
Leishmaniasis DOC
Stibogluconate Na