Parasitology

Question 1

what are the major groups of parasites

Answer 1

Nematodes, Protozoa, Cestodes, trematodes, ectoparasites(includes arthropoda)

Question 2

What is parasitism

Answer 2

Symbiosis in which one organism benefits from the association while the host is harmed in some way

Question 3

host actions against parasite

Answer 3

physical scts the host can do to remove the parasite
innate resistance (enzyme, digestion)
acquired resistance (immunity, age)

Question 4

Advantages of parasitism for the host

Answer 4

out compete others for a niche
genetic diversity and fitness
premunition-resistant to reinfection or superinfection by an existing infection (no space)
Concomitant immunity (same as premunition)
Cross-protective immunity

Question 5

disadvantages of parasitism

Answer 5

nutrient-poor growth and anemia
infectious disease
abortion or decreased fertility
nonspecific host responses
**inflammation:acute, subacute and chronic
abnormal growth responses
neoplasia

Question 6

disadvantages of parasitism

Answer 6

nutrient-poor growth and anemia
infectious disease
abortion or decreased fertility
nonspecific host responses
**inflammation:acute, subacute and chronic
abnormal growth responses
neoplasia

Question 7

What groups are considered helminths

Answer 7

Nematodes, cestodes, trematodes

these are worm type parasites

Question 8

Anthelmintic and antihelminthic

Answer 8

some drug that will target one of these three parasites

Question 9

Anthelmintic and antihelminthic

Answer 9

some drug that will target one of these three parasites

Question 10

Direct lifecycle

Answer 10

Stage infective to host, no free living stage, no enviromental stage and no other host involved for development (ex: trichinella)

Question 11

Indirect lifecycle

Answer 11

Another host or vector required for development
free living stage
parasite develops outside of host to an infective stage

Question 12

Indirect lifecycle

Answer 12

Another host or vector required for development
free living stage
parasite develops outside of host to an infective stage

Question 13

definitive host

Answer 13

parasite reaches sexual maturity within host

Question 14

indirect host

Answer 14

host is required for parasite development but one in which parasite does not reach sexual maturity. asexual

Question 15

paratenic or transport host

Answer 15

does not undergo development, remains alive and infective (ex: infects a mouse until it is ingested by another animal)

Question 16

aberrant host

Answer 16

incorrect host, may have infection but can result in dead end for parasite (lacks adaptions)

Question 17

Nematodes

Answer 17

Free-living or parasitic
unsegmented elongated/cylindrical
alimentary canal present
sexes usually separate