Parasitology Flashcards
which parasite is most important in neonatal puppies?
ancylostoma caninum
why is pyrantel the safest choice of anthelmintic in young animals?
has limited absorption in the GI tract which reduces the potential for toxicosis
which parasite causes neonatal diarrhea in cattle?
cryptosporidium
what is the PPP for transmammary infection of ancylostoma?
2 weeks
Toxocara canis is transmitted in dogs transplacentally* and transmammary. When are you likely to see disease in dogs?
in neonatal period only if heavy infection
otherwise, see disease in older puppies.
____________ has transmammary transmission if a queen is infected during lactation. Heavy neonatal infection is not common though, and most disease is seen in older kittens.
Toxocara cati
What is the transmission of ancylostoma in dogs?
transmammary
T/F: ancylostoma larvae develop directly in the SI of puppies without migration
true
What clinical signs are associated with ancylostoma infections in small animals?
diarrhea
anemia
failure to thrive
when can you perform fecal test on ancylostoma infected dog?
after 2 weeks – PPP
what drug is used to treat ancylostoma infections in small animals and when should we use it?
pyrantel pamoate
dogs - 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks
cats - 3, 6, 9, 12 weeks
What drug is given to the dam for ancylostoma infection and when should you give it?
fenbendazole starting at day 40 gestation and continue to 14 days after parturition
___________ is immediately infective. The sporozoites invade enterocytes. Clinical signs are seen 3-4 days post-infection and last for 1-2 weeks. The signs include: watery diarrhea, inappetence, lethargy, and dehydration.
cryptosporidium
how can you diagnose crypto infection in ruminants?
centrifugal fecal flotation – sugar solution
acid-fast stained fecal
IFA
PCR
Histology
how do you treat crypto infection in ruminants?
no specific treatment
fluids + electrolytes
T/F: crypto is rapidly spread on farms because tons of oocysts are produced and they are hardy/resistant to disinfectants. You should assume that is 1 calf is infected, all will become infected even if you do not see clinical signs.
true
how can you control crypto infections in ruminants?
- provide colostrum to calves within few hrs of birth
- house calves individually
- isolate calves with diarrhea
- feed youngest 1st, then oldest, then sick calves
- sanitation
- remove manure
- disinfection with desiccation
- clean feeding equipment
T/F: if you take appropriate control/preventative measures, you can eradicate crypto from your farm
false
Is crypto zoonotic?
yes
How is strongyloides transmitted to large animals?
transmammary
what clinical signs are associated with strongyloides infection?
foals – foal heat diarrhea
pigs – diarrhea if heavy infection
ruminants – not assoc with neonatal diarrhea
canine – not associated with neonatal diarrhea
