Parasiticides And Growth Regulators Flashcards by Vet Med

What percent of fleas are adults

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3 parts to ectoparasite control

On the pet: kill adult
On the pet: prevent life cycle
In the environment

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Normal flea nerve activity

Nerve impulses are produced as sodium moves into the nerve cell

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Axon

Voltage gated Na channel

-GABA glutamate or chloride

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Synapse

Ca, acetylcholine, acetylchoinesterase

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Parasiticide targes

Axon

Synapse

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Parasiticides- synaptic (4)

-Cholinesterase inhibitors
-Activation of nAch receptor gated Ca channels
Binding to niccotinic acetylcholine receptor
-Monamine oxidase inhibitors

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Pyrethrins characteristics

Increase Na permeability along axon

Derived from chrysanthemum

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Benefit of pyrethrins

Save for cats and puppies

Quick flea knock down

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Downside of pyrethrins

UV inactivated

Short duration of activation

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Pryethroid benifits

Binds to hair/skin
More photo stable
Long action
Repels and kills fleas, ticks, mosquitoes >2%

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Downside of pyrethroids

Increase toxicity
WILL KILL CAT >.5%
Washed off by bathing

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Deltamethrin characteristics

Kills fleas and ticks
Repels mosquitos
Collar
Lasts 6 months
Water resistant
Local irritation

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Characteristics of indoxacarb

Metabolic bioactivation in the flea to kill
save for mammals or kids
water safe, topical, once a month

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Permethrin vet products

Advantix (55%)
Vectors 3D(33%)

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Fipronil characterisitcs

Inhibits GABA gated chloride channels
Flea adulticide
Used in agriculture

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Fluralaner (bravecto)

Oral flea and tick control
12 weeks
Effective for demodex
dogs > 6 months
No repelling

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Afloxolaner (nexguard)

Oral flea and tick control for 30 days
100% kill in 24 hours
Dogs only
Similar to fluralaner

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Parasiticides targeting synapse

Organophosphate
Carbamates
Spinosad
Imidacloprid
Nitenpyram
Dinotefuran

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Organophosphates characteristics

Not recommended
Cholinesterase inhibitors
Toxic to cats and young animals

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Carbamates characteristics

Not recommended
Less toxic, less effective
Atropine is antidote

Spinosade characteristics

Dont give to dogs with high diesels of ivermectin
Lowers thresholds for seizures
Non-antibotic tetracycline macrolide

Spinosad (comfortis, trifexis) positives

Chewable 1 month tablet 
No effect of bathing
Flavored
Kills fleas within 30 min
100% effective in 4 hrs

Spinosad negatives

Does not repel fleas
Vomiting is frequent
No IGR

Spinoteram characteristics

Alters function of nicotenic and GABA channels Topical Once a month Fast killing

Imidacloprid characteristics

Stimulates insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Imidacloprid advantages

Once a month spot for dogs Flea adulticide effective Save

Imidacloprid (advantage) negatives

Removed by water Does not repel fleas No effect on ticks no IGR

Imidacloprid in advantage 2 good

Safe for dogs and cats Flea adulticide Safe

Imidacloprid in advantage 2 bad

Removed by water Does not repel fleas No effect on ticks

Imidacloprid in advantix 2 characteristics

has permethrin- dont use on cats Kills fleas quick Repels fleas ticks and mosquitoes Somewhat water proof

Imidacloprid in seresto characteristics

Safe for cats Lasts 8 months Repels ticks Kills but does not repel fleas

Nitenpyram characteristics

Cap star Inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Good for sever infestations

Nitenpyram (capstar) good

100% effective in 24 hrs Safe in puppies and kittens Can use with other products

Npyram (capstar) bad

Lasts 24 hours Does not repel no IGR

Dinotefuran characteristics

Flea adulticide | Doesn't effect mammals

Dinotefuran (vetra 3D) good

IGR, adulticide and repellent | All stages for fleas ticks and mosquitoes

Dinotefuran (vectra 3D) bad

Efficacy decrease by bathing | Toxic to cats

3 insect growth regulators

1. Methoprene 2. Pyriproxifen 3. Lufenuron

Methoprene characteristics

Prevents molting

Methoprene good

Active against several insects, including fleas | On pet, or environmental

Methoprene bad

Photo inactivated No adulticide Does not repel

Pyriproxifen good

``` Works up to 6 months Effects eggs and larva Delayed flea adulticide activity Over the counter for environmental use Use indoor or outdoor ```

Luferuron good

Oral q1 month | Very safe for dogs and cats

Luferuron characteristics

Given with food Cats need higher dose Prevents flea reproduction after a blood meal

What does macrocycllic lactone treat

Heartworm Hookworm Roundworm Whipworm

Characteristics of macrocyclic lactones

Dogs and cats 4 weeks and older | Once a month chewable

Dangers/dose of macrocyclic lactones

100mg/Kl (?): kills collie 6mg/kl: kills ticks 200-300: kill scabies 400-600: kill demodex

Formanidines bad

Toxic to horses and cats

Anitra's collar good

Dogs | Kills fleas and ticks

Certifect bad

Dogs only

Certifect good

``` Repellent and adulticide Fleas and ticks Topical Once monthly Works on contact ```