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Public health > Parasitic zoonoses > Flashcards

Parasitic zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

Where in the human body does amoeba infest?

A

Large intestine

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2
Q

Which form of amoeba is found in fluid feces?

A

Trophozoites

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3
Q

Which form of amoeba is found in formed feces?

A

Cysts

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4
Q

How does Amoeba leave our body?

A

Feces

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5
Q

Which Trypanosoma is the etiologic agent of Chagas’ disease?

A

T. cruzi

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6
Q

What animal is the vector for transmitting T. cruzi?

A

Triatomine bugs

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7
Q

What animals are the reservoirs for T. cruzi

A

Rodents, monkey

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8
Q

Which form of T. cruzi is infectious?

A

Trypomastigotes

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9
Q

What are the 3 ways of transmitting T. cruzi Chagas’ disease from human - to - human?

A

Blood donation
Organ transplant
Contaminated food

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10
Q

What usually are the symptoms for Chagas’ disease?

A

No symptoms usually

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11
Q

What happens with the chronic phase of Chagas’ disease?

A

Heart failure
Enlargement of ventricles
Enlargement of esophagus
Enlargement of colon

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12
Q

Which form of Giardia is infectious?

A

Cyst

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13
Q

Why does Giardia cyst enjoy being in water?

A

They have weak cyst walls

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14
Q

How many trophozoites of Giardia are there in one cyst?

A

1 cyst
2 trophozoites

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15
Q

Are trophozoites of Giardia infectious

A

Nope

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16
Q

How does Giardia leave our body?

A

Feces

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17
Q

Which part of our body does Giardia infest in?

A

Small intestine

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18
Q

Which part of our body does Cryptosporidium infest in?

A

Small intestine

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19
Q

Which of the following are important species in human?

C. parvum
C. ryanae
C. bovis
C. hominis

A

C. parvum
C. hominis

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20
Q

How many sporozoites of Cryptosporidium are there in one cyst?

A

1 cyst
4 sporozoites

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21
Q

Which part of our body does Giardia infest in?

A

Small intestine

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22
Q

How does Cryptosporidium oocyst leave our body?

A

feces

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23
Q

Can Cryptosporidium undergo sexual reproduction only?

A

They can undergo both sexual & asexual reproduction

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24
Q

What is in the oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii?

A

1 cyst
2 sporocysts
4 sporozoites

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25
Q

What is the similarity & difference between oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii & oocyst of Cystoisospora?

A

Similarity
-> 1, 2, 4

Difference
-> oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii is wayyyyy smaller

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26
Q

What are the difference in multiplying of Toxoplasma gondii in cats (definitive host) & intermediate host?

A

Intermediate host
-> Tachyzoites ( Rapid reproduction )
- -> Bradyzoites ( Slow reproduction ) in anywhere they want :D

Definitive host
-> Small intestine
- -> Asexual + Sexual cycle

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27
Q

If human consume an intermediate host infected w/ Toxoplasma gondii, what does that human become?

A

Secondary intermediate host

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28
Q

What are the symptoms for a healthy human infected with Toxoplasma gondii

A

Nothing special really

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29
Q

What people will be affected by T. gondii?

A

Human with deficient immune response

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30
Q

What are the greatest concern for people who is affected by T. gondii

A

Fetus
-> Death
-> Congenital malformation
-> Mental retardation (my mom was weak at the time ok?)

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31
Q

How to avoid getting Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Avoid
-> Cat feces
-> Uncooked meat
- -> Esp. pork

32
Q

What can treat T. gondii?

A

Antimicrobial drugs

33
Q

How does the oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii leave the body?

A

Feces

34
Q

Are oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii infectious (sporulated) immediately after leaving the body?

A

Nope

35
Q

How does the oocyst of Cyclospora cayetanensis leave the body?

A

Feces

36
Q

Are oocyst of Cyclospora cayetanensis infectious immediately after leaving the body?

A

Nope

37
Q

What are the similarity & difference between Neospora & Toxoplasma gondii?

A

Similarity
-> Life cycle
-> 1, 2, 4

Difference
-> Neospora
- -> definitive host : Dog
- -> intermediate host : Cattle

38
Q

Is Neospora zoonotic?

A

Nope, why are you even here lol

39
Q

What are the disease Neospora causes in dogs & cattle?

A

Dogs
-> neurological issues

Cattle
-> abortion

40
Q

How does the oocyst of Neospora leave the body?

A

Feces

41
Q

Are oocyst of Neospora infectious immediately after leaving the body?

A

Nope

42
Q

How does the oocyst of Sarcocystis leave the body?

A

Feces

43
Q

Are oocyst of Sacrocystis infectious immediately after leaving the body?

A

YESSSS SACROCYSTIS

44
Q

Does Sacrocystis have a obligatory 2 host life cycle?

A

Yes
-> Unlike Toxoplasma gondii
- -> Cats can ingest its own T. gondii
- - -> Life cycle can still be completed

45
Q

Can Human be Sacrocystis’ definitive host?

A

Yes
-> Zoonotic

46
Q

What is the intermediate host for Fasciola hepatica?

A

Snailll

47
Q

Which organ does Fasciola hepatica infest in?

A

Liver

48
Q

What are the difference in acute & chronic infestation of Fasciola hepatica in our Liver?

A

Acute
-> Liver trauma
-> W/ Clostridium novyi
- -> Die twice

Chronic
-> Absorbs all your nutrients
- -> Hyperproteinemia
- -> Weakness

49
Q

Why does Fasciola hepatica causes jaundice (icterus)?

A

Jaundice
-> caused by problem in heme metabolism
- -> caused by Liver damage
- - -> Fasciola hepatica damage liver >:

50
Q

What is the first intermediate host for Paragonimus?

A

Snaillll

51
Q

What is the second intermediate host for Paragonimus?

A

I forgot .. crap
oh Its Crab :D
& crayfish

52
Q

What is the first intermediate host for Opisthorchiids?

A

Snaillll

53
Q

What is the second intermediate host for Opisthorchiids?

A

Crap.. I forgot again
Oh its Carp
among other freshwater fish

54
Q

Which one of the following tapeworms have aquatic stages as part of their life cycle?

Diphyllobothriidea
Cyclophyllidea

A

Diphyllobothriidea

55
Q

Does tapeworm have digestive system?

A

Nope

56
Q

Are human the definitive host for T. solium?

A

Human

57
Q

Where does T. solium grow in pig?

A

Wherever they want?

58
Q

What if we eat ass & ate T. solium eggs?

A

They grow wherever they want in our body too

59
Q

Are human the definitive host for Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Nope
-> Human = Intermediate host

60
Q

Which type of cyst does E. granulosus larva form?

A

Unilocular hydatid cyst

61
Q

Are human the definitve host for Echinococcus multilocularis?

A

Nope
-> Human = Intermedite host

62
Q

Which type of cyst does E. multilocularis larva form?

A

Alveolar hydatid cyst

63
Q

Which is more difficult to remove in human, unilocular or alveolar hydatid cyst?

A

Alveolar hydatid cyst

64
Q

In Ascaris suum, which larvae form are infestious?

A

L3

65
Q

In Ascaris suum, which larvae form causes the most mechanical damage?

A

L3

66
Q

Are Toxascaris found in Taiwan?

A

Nope
They are usually found in cooler places

67
Q

What are the difference between Toxocara canis & Toxocara cati?

A

Toxocara canis
-> Transplacental transmission

Toxocara cati
-> Migration of larvae towards trachea remain high for cats’ whole life

68
Q

What is the most effective preventive measure for Dog & Cat roundworms?

A

Clean poopoo

69
Q

What causes Human Toxocarosis?

A

Ingestion of
-> Raw Liver
-> Raw meat
-> Soil

70
Q

What are some pathological significance of Human Toxocarosis?

A

Nodules containing larvae of T. canis
-> Liver
-> Lungs
-> Kidney
-> Brain

71
Q

Which granulocytes are active?

A

Eosinophil
-> Sustained eosinophilia ( > 50%)

72
Q

What is the difference between Baylisascaris procyonis larvae & Toxocara larvae?

A

B. procyonis larvae grows larger and larger as they migrate

73
Q

If B. procyonis invade the central nervous system of their paratenic hosts, how many of them will it take to kill of the host?

A

3

74
Q

Which stage of Anisakidae larvae will most likely infect human?

A

L3

75
Q

How does human get infected by Trichinella?

A

Consumption of raw / undercooked pork

Public health (2 decks)

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