Parasites pt 1 Entamoeba Histolytica to Balamuthia Fig 31-12

Question 1

the carrier is asymptomatic

Protozoa
transmission
morphology
Clinical findings

Answer 1

amoeba
entamoeba histolytica

transmitted oral-fecal

morphology: amoeba, oocyst, trophozoite (motile, bulls eye shaped nucleus with red blood cells in the cytoplasm)
clinical: most are asymptomatic. active infection: liver abscesses and bloody diarrhea. abscesses in lungs.

Question 2

Entamoeba histolytica
how to diagnose
epi

Answer 2

1) fecal exam: look for cysts and trophozoites with RBCs in their cytoplasm (indicates active infection)
2) serology
3) abdominal CT scan: liver abcesses

90% of ppl with Entamoeba Histolytica are asymptomatic carriers

Question 3

liver abscesses

Answer 3

entamoeba histoltyica

Question 4

motile bulls eye shaped nucleus with red blood cells in cytoplasm

Answer 4

entamoeba histolytica

Question 5

foul smelling, greasy diarrhea

Answer 5

giardia lamblia

NO BLOOD IN DIARRHEA

Question 6

flagellated trophozoite, found in feces on exam

Answer 6

giardia lamblia

Question 7

contaminated fruits and vegetables

Answer 7

carry the oocysts of cyclospora cayetanesis.

Question 8

cyclospora cayetanesis: clinical

Answer 8

water diarrhea, nausea and vomiting

Question 9

cyclospora cayetanesis: morphology

Answer 9

oocysts

Question 10

cyclospora cayetanesis: diagnosis

Answer 10

stool exam reveals oocysts that fluoresce under UV light and are acid fast

Question 11

acid fast oocysts found in strawberries

Answer 11

cyclospora cayetanesis

Question 12

cryptosporidium: morphology and life cycle

Answer 12

1. oocysts: infective agent
   they contain 4 sporozoites
   life cycle occurs within epithelial cells

Question 13

watery diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain that is self limiting

Answer 13

cryptosporidium

Question 14

you would do a biopsy on the small intestine for this protozoa

Answer 14

cryptosporidium

Question 15

transmitted fecal-orally, fecal matter has oocysts, obligate intracellular parasite, and life cycle occurs within epithelial cells

Answer 15

cryptosporidium

Question 16

Isospora species: morphology

Answer 16

oocyst is infective agent: contains 8 sporozoites

Question 17

severe diarrhea and causes malabsorption in aids patients

Answer 17

isospora species

Question 18

obligate intracellular parasite, presence of Eosinophils, and contains 8 sporozoites

Answer 18

isospora species

Question 19

acid fast and causes malabsorption in AIDs patients

Answer 19

isospora species

Question 20

Trichomonas vaginalis: transmission and morphology

Answer 20

sexually transmitted. no cyst stage, but flagellated trophozoite

Question 21

yellow-green malodorous, frothy vaginal discharge

Answer 21

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 22

PAINFUL vaginal itching, burning on urination

Answer 22

tichomonas vaginalis

Question 23

these flagellated parasites can be seen in the urine

Answer 23

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 24

these flagellated parasites can be seen in vaginal discharge

Answer 24

trichomonas vaginalis

Question 25

Naegleria fowleri: transmission, morphology, clinical findings

Answer 25

lives in freshwater lakes, amoeba, acute meningitis (usually fatal in one week)

Question 26

you do a CSF exam and find motile amoeba along with white blood cells

Answer 26

Naegleria fowleri

Question 27

lives in freshwater lakes and causes acute meningitis

Answer 27

naegleria fowleri usually death occurs within a week.

Question 28

two protozoa that common infect aids patients

Answer 28

isospora and cryptosporidum

Question 29

acanthamoeba: clinical

Answer 29

CHRONIC meningocephalitis in immunocompromised hosts corneal infection. diagnosed by skin scaping

Question 30

acanthamoeba: morphology

Answer 30

cysts AND mature amoeba found in the brain | tissue

Question 31

where are the mature naegleria amoeba found?

Answer 31

only in brain tissue: NO CYSTS

Question 32

corneal infections in naegleria, acanthamoeba, balamuthia mandrillaris

Answer 32

Naegleria: no corneal infection Acanthamoeba: corneal infection Balamuthia: no corneal infection

Question 33

cysts/amoeba in balamuthia mandrillaris

Answer 33

mature amoeba AND cysts found in brain tissue

Question 34

Acanthamoeba species: transmission

Answer 34

lives in fresh water, eye infections from dirty contact lenses

Question 35

acanthamoeba species: morphology

Answer 35

amoeba and cyst stage both present in brain tissues

Question 36

acanthamoeba: clinical

Answer 36

chronic granulomatous brain infection. fatal within a year. corneal infection often associated with sue of dirty contact lenses.

Question 37

acanthamoeba: making the diagnosis,

Answer 37

examination of CSF and brain tissue. reveals both cysts and mature trophozoites examination of corneal scrapings

Question 38

balamuthia mandrilaris: transmission, morphology, clinical

Answer 38

lives in fresh water and soil amoeba stage cyst stage in brain chronic, granulomatous brain infection granulomatous skin infections!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Question 39

diagnosing balamuthia mandrillaris q: who is susceptible?

Answer 39

examination of brain tissue for cysts and trophozoites. skin biopsy, immunofluorescent staining. both immunocompromised and immunocompetent are susceptible