Parasites

Question 1

Nematodes that infect via ingestion: EATT

Answer 1

Enterobius (pinworm)
Ascaris
Toxocara
Trichinella - in pork

Question 2

Nematodes that infect via skin: these get into your feet from the SANd.

Answer 2

Strongyloides
Ancylostoma
Necator

Question 3

Nematodes you get from bug bites: lay LOW to avoid getting bitten.

Answer 3

Loa loa - female fly
Onchocerca - fly
Wuchereria - female mosquito

Question 4

Parasite that causes biliary tract disease, cholangiocarcinoma + treat

Answer 4

Clonorchis = fluke
- Get from undercooked fish
- **Pigmented gallstones
Praziquantel

Question 5

Parasite that causes brain cysts, seizures + treat

Answer 5

Taneia solium [tapeworm]
- Undercooked pork as larvae
- Eggs -> neurocysticercosis
Praziquantel
Albendazole for neuro

Question 6

Parasite that causes hematuria + squamous cell bladder cancer + treat

Answer 6

Schistosoma haematobium [trematode]
Egg w/ spine directly out back on histo (vs. S.mansoni = liver)
Praziquantel

Question 7

Parasite that causes liver (hydatid) cysts + treat

Answer 7

Echinococcus [tapeworm]
- Dog fecal-oral
- Must inject cysts w/ ethanol so prevent antigen release on removal (lead to anaphylaxis)
Albendazole

Question 8

Parasite that causes microcytic anemia + treat

Answer 8

Anyclostoma, Necator [hookworms]
- Via skin
- Live in GI, suck blood
Bendazoles

Question 9

Parasite that causes myalgias + periorbital edema + treat

Answer 9

Trichinella
- Infects striated skeletal muscle
- Trichinosis = fever + N/V + periorbital edema, myalgia
Bendazoles

Question 10

Parasite that causes peri-anal pruritus + treat

Answer 10

Enterobius [pinworm]
- See egg via tape test
Bendazoles

Question 11

Parasite that causes portal HTN + treat

Answer 11

Schistosoma mansoni
- Lateral spine (vs S.haematobium)
- Fibrosis -> portal HTN
Praziquantel

Question 12

Parasite that causes vit B12 def + treat

Answer 12

Diphyllobthrium [tapeworm]
- Raw fish
- Competes for B12 in intestine -> megaloblastic anemia
Praziquantel