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CLINICAL MED I- ID (part 2) > PARASITES > Flashcards

PARASITES Flashcards

1
Q

what is a parasite?

A

pathogen that INJURES and DERIVES sustenance from host

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1
Q

Classify parasites (3 types)

A

worms/helminths
protozoa
ectoparasites

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2
Q

worms and helminths classification

A

LARGE, complicated parasites, nematodes/trematodes

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3
Q

protozoa classification

A
  • single celled
  • in water
  • to human through food water poop

GIARDIA, TOXOPLASM

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4
Q

protozoa in skin

A

toxoplasma, leishmania

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4
Q

ectoparasites classification

A

leech, lice, fleas, scabies

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5
Q

protozoa in blood

A

plasmodium, babesia, trypanosoma

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5
Q

protozoa lives where

A

skin, GI tract, blood, genital tract

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6
Q

protozoa in gi tract

A

giardia, cryptosporidium, cyclospora, entamoeba

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7
Q

protozoa in genital tract

A

trichomonas

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8
Q

giardiasis

A

non invase parasite in upper intestine

(giardia duodenalis)

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9
Q

giardiasis transmission

A
  • cysts in food/water
  • fecal oral
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10
Q

giardiasis risk factors

A

travel in resource limit countries
day care
swim in lake
oral anal
immunocomp

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11
Q

giardiasis S+S ACUTE

A

50% ASYMP, can shed cyst

profuse WATERY diarrhea, nausea, foul smell, cramp, fart, weight loss

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12
Q

giardiasis S+S CHRONIC

A

greasy LOOSE stool (steatorrhea)
weight loss, malabsorption, malaise

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13
Q

giardiasis diagnosis (tests)

A
  • Stool PCR (part of panel)
  • Stool Ag Assay
    ^ BOTH are not useful after treatment
  • Stool Microscopy for cysts
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14
Q

giardiasis complications

A

malabsorption, stunt growth, post infect IBS or LACTOSE INTOLERANCE

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15
Q

giardiasis treaments
- symptomatic
- asymptomatic

A

SYMP: tinidazole, 1 dose

ASYMP: only treat if concern for immunocomp/transmission

16
Q

what is cryptosporidium

A

intracellular spore forming protozoan parasite

17
Q

cryptospor infect what cells

A

infect and repro in epithelial cells of digestive/repro tract

18
Q

cryptospor transmission route

A

fecal/oral
ingesting oocysts, go to GI/RESP tract

19
Q

cryptospor manifestations

A

resp symp–> rare
immunocomp–> chronic diarrhea

self limited diarrhea

20
Q

cryptospor testing

A

PCR
BAL fluid or stool
Acid fast stain
Microscopy

21
Q

cryptospor treatment

A

self limiting or NITAZOXANIDE

22
Q

Amebiasis transmission

A

highly infectious

  • INGEST fecal contaminated food/water
  • anal sex, hand holding
23
Q

amebiasis risk factors

A
  • migrate from tropical/developing countries
  • oral anal sex
24
Q

amebiasis S+S

A

MOST ASYMP, can clear w out intervention/self limit

OR

  • subacute 1-3 week onset
  • DIARRHEA BLOODY
  • abdomen pain, weight loss
25
Q

amebiasis complications

A
  • hepatic abscess in ASYMPTOMATIC PPL (think in ER)
  • granulomatous (rare)–> resemble adenocarcinoma
26
Q

amebiasis testing

A

STOOL PCR!!!! (main one for test)

microscopy, stool Ag test

27
Q

Amebiasis treatment

symptomatic pt vs asymptomatic

A

SYMP: 2 steps
- antibiotic: metronidazole/tinidazole
- intraluminal amebicide: paromomycin

ASYMP:
- JUST the paromomycin (penetrate intestine tissue)

28
Q

amebiasis and giardiasis are self limiting.. should we treat or no?

A

STILL TREAT THEM

29
Q

which is more invasive, giardia or amebiasis

A

amebiasis

30
Q

trichomonas vaginalis

A

STI
- high rates in women (men can still get)

PUSSY PARASITE!- vic

31
Q

trich vag S+S

A

vag itchy, discomfort peeing, discharge, associated dysuria

FROTHY DISCHARGE

32
Q

trich vag test

A

wet mount, molecular tests

33
Q

trich vag treatments

A

metronidazole

treat partners as well

34
Q

enterobiasis caused by what

A

enterobiasis vermicularis–> PINWORMS

common in children 5-10

35
Q

enterobiasis transmission

A

person to person ingest eggs after hand contact

36
Q

where do eggs lay in enterobiasis

A

from rectum to anus to put eggs in perianal skin

37
Q

enterobiasis S+S

A

MOST ASYMP
- nocturnal perianal itching

38
Q

enterobiasis diagnosis

A

scotch tape test/paddle test

  • tape applied at night, then microscope for eggs
39
Q

when you think of think anal itching and enterbiasis who do you think of???

A

RACHEK

40
Q

enterobiasis treatment

A
  • albendazole, mebendazole

hand washing, bedding/clothing wash

CLINICAL MED I- ID (part 2) (5 decks)

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