Parasites Flashcards
Trichina worm
“Trichinosis/trichinellosis” (periorbital edema)
Trichinella spiralis
Whipworm
(rectal prolapse)
(Lemon-shaped, football or barrel shaped)
Trichuris trichiura
“Trichuriasis”
Capillary liver worm
“Hepatitis with eosinophilia”
Capillaria hepatica
Giant Intestinal Roundworm
“Ascariasis” (Loeffler’s syndrome & bolus formation)
Moan test
Ascaris lumbricoides
Trilobite lips, golden brown
Dog Ascaris/Cat Ascaris
“Visceral larva migrans (granuloma in liver)
Toxocara canis/cati
Golfball
Capillariasis/Pudoc disease/Mystery disease
Capillaria phillipinensis
Peanut shaped & striated shells
Ascaris of sea mammals
“Anisakiasis or Herring worm disease”
Anisakis simplex
Pinworm or seatworm
“Enterobiasis (pruritus ani)
Enterobius vermicularis
D shaped
New world hookworm
“Ground-itch” & microcytic, hypochromic anemia
Necator americanus
Barbed-like spicule
Old hookworm
“Ground-itch” & microcytic,hypochromic anemia
Ancylostoma duodenale
Bristle-like spicule
Cat hookworm
“Creeping eruption or cutaneous larva migrans” serpentine tunnels
Ancylostoma braziliense
Dog hookworm
“Creeping eruption or cutaneous larva migrans” serpentine tunnels
Ancylostoma caninum & Ancylostoma ceylanicum
Threadworm
Strongyloidiasis or Cochin China Diarrhea
Strongyloides stercoralis
Hyperinfection syndrome
Guinea worm, Serpent worm, Dragon worm, Medina worm
“Dracunculosis or Dracontiasis”
Dracunculus medinensis
Rodent/Rat Lung worm
“Eosinophilic Meningo-encephalitis or Angiostrongyliasis”
Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Barber’s pole
Giant Leech-like Acanthocephalan
Macracanthorynchus hirudinaceus
Bancrofti filarial worm
“Bancroftian filiariasis or filariasis bancrofti” elephantiasis above the knee
Wuchereria bancrofti
Graceful appearance
Malayan filarial worm
“Malayan filariasis” elephantiasis below the knee & hydrocele
Brugia malayi
Kinky appearance
African eye worm
“African Loaiasis or Calabar swelling”
Loa loa
Nuclei reaching the tip of the tail
Onchocerciasis or river blindness or blinding filariasis
“Hanging groin”
“Snowflake/fluffy corneal opacities”
Onchocerca volvulus
Nuclei not reaching the tip of the tail
“Shepherd’s crook”
Nuclei not reaching the tip of the tail
Mansonella spp.
Dog heart worm
“Human pulmonary dirofilariasis” coin lesion in lungs
Dirofilaria immitis
Swollen Belly Syndrome
Strongyloides fuelleborni
Oriental blood fluke
“Oriental schistosomiasis”
Schistosoma japonicum
Manson’s blood fluke
“Intestinal bilharziasis”
Schistosoma mansoni
Vesicle blood fluke/Bladder Fluke
“Urinary bilharziasis”
Schistosoma haematobium
Sheep liver fluke/ temperature liver
“Shoulder appearance” largest helminth egg
Ship liver rot
Fasciola hepatica
Giant liver fluke/ Tropical liver fluke
Fasciola gigantica
Chinese or Oriental Liver fluke
“Old-fashion electric bulb”
Pitcher-like appearance
Clonorchis sinensis
“Clonorchiasis”
Most important liver fluke of man
Cat liver fluke/Siberia liver fluke
“Lancet-shaped”
Opistorchis felineus
Lancet fluke/ Lanceolate
Dicrocelium dendriticum
“Dicrocelium infection”
Giant intestinal fluke (largest fluke)
Fasciolopsis buski
Garrison fluke
“Dumbell testes”
Echinosotoma ilocanum
“Echinostomiasis”
Von Siebold’s Fluke
“Teardrop-shaped fluke” smallest fluke of man/deadliest fluke
Old fashion light bulb
Heterophyes heterophyes
Smallest human fluke
Metagonimus yokogawai
Pancreatic fluke
“Eurytremiasis”
Eurytema pancreaticum
Oriental lung fluke
“Endemic hemoptysis, TB-like symptoms”
Reddish brown or coffee bean colored, uterus coiled into a rosette
Paragonimus westermani
Broad/Fish tapeworm (largest and longest)
“Rosette formation / highly-coiled uterus”
Almond-shaped or spatula shaped scolex
Vitamin B12 deficiency - pernicious anemia - megaloblastic anemia
Diphyllobothrium latum
“Diphyllobothriasis or sparganosis”
Pork tapeworm
“Dendritic/Finger-like”
Cysticercosis cellulosae
Taenia solium
Beef tapeworm, Longest tapeworm of man
“Dichotomous or tree-like in appearance”
Taenia saginata
Dwarf tapeworm, smallest tapeworm and most common cestode of man
Hymenolis nana
Rat tapeworm
“Fan-like arrangement”
Hymenolepis diminuta
Dog tapeworm or Double Pore tapeworm
“Only parasite with two sets of reproductive organs”
Melon seeds/pumpkin seed/ rice grains/ cucumber seeds
Dipylidium caninum
Hydatid worm
(Smallest and shortest tapeworm)
Unilocular Echinococcosis or Cystic hydatid disease
Echinococcus granulosus
Hydatid worm
“Alveolar hydatid disease”
Most lethal of all helminthic diseases
Echinococcus multiocularis
Gid worm
“Cerebral or ocular coenurosis”
Multiceps multiceps
Trophozoites: Ground glass appearance cytoplasm and bead-like arrangement of nucleus. Cysts: coffin-shaped or cigar
(Secondary Amebic Meningoencephalitis)
Inclusion: RBCs
Entamoeba histolytica
“Only pathogenic intestinal ameba”
Sluggish motion and splinter-like chromatoidal bars
“Dirty appearance cytoplasm”
“Broomstick appearance chromatoidal bodies”
Entamoeba coli
Parasites of pigs and monkeys. In papua new guinea, most common intestinal ameba of humans
“Threadlike chromatoidal bodies”
Entamoeba polecki
Iodine-staining glycogen vacuole. Halo nucleus
“Basket nucleus”
Iodamoeba butschlii
First parasitic ameba of humans. Only ameba that ingests WBCs
Entamoeba gingivalis
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (kernig’s sign)
“Exhibits trailing effect” jerky and spinning motility
Naegleria fowleri
Granulomatous amebic encephalitis (GAE)
“Thorny projections, spine-like pseudopodia”
Acanthamoeba spp.
Ocular keratitis and corneal ulceration, contact lenses
Largest protozoan parasite affecting man
“Thrown-ball motility/rotary boring”
Kidney-shaped/large bean-shaped macronucleus, dot-like micronucleus
Balantidium coli
Pear-shaped or teardrop-shaped; heart-shaped
“Falling leaf motility”
Gay bowel syndrome and traveler’s diarrhea
“Impression prints”
“Sickle trophozoites”
Gardia lamblia
Green/yellow-green entero-test or string test
Petals of flower (one to two rosette-shaped nuclei)
Hakansson phenomenon and brownian motion
Dientamoeba fragilis “parasite of a parasite”
Attach to ascaris and enterobius
Smallest flagellate that parasitized man
“Lemon to pear shaped” “bird’s beak” “cleft like trophozoite”
Retortamonas intestinalis
Pear-shaped or ovoid; jerking motility; single nucleus
Enteromonas hominis
Shepherd’s crook; lemon-shaped/pear-shaped
“Spiral boring, jerky, rotary motility”
Chilomastix mesnili
Ping-pong disease “strawberry appearance”; chicken-like epithelium
Trichomonas vaginalis
Papule: oriental button; kala alzar / dumdum fever/ black fever
“Lesh donovan bodies”
Leishmania spp.
East African sleeping sickness (more rapid and fatal)
Trypanosoma brucei rhodiense
West African sleeping sickness
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
American trypanosomiasis or Chaga’s disease (romana’s sign)
Trypanosoma cruzi
Outbreaks linked to fresh produce (raspberries)
“Wrinkled cellophane” “bubbly appearance oocyst”
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Pink doughnut-shaped circular organisms (may also appear as purple)
Cryptosporidium spp.
Schuffner’s dot
Plasmodium vivax
Benign Tertian Malaria
Zeimann’s dot
Plasmodium malaria
Quartan Malaria
Jame’s dot/ schuffner’s dot
Plasmodium ovale
Benign Tertian Malaria
Maurer’s dot (stephen christopher’s dots/ cuneiform dots)
Crescent/ banana shaped
“Black water fever”
Plasmodium falciparum
Malignant tertian malaria
Simian malaria
Plasmodium knowlesi
Texas cattle fever/ Red water fever/ Tick fever/ Nantucket fever
“Maltese cross”
Babesia spp. (Babesia microti, Babesia divergens)
