Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) Flashcards
What is PPD?
A chemical substance that is widely used as a permanent hair dye
Where is PPD found?
- Hair dye
- Textile dyes and fur dyes
- Dark coloured cosmetics
- Dark coloured temporary henna tattoos
- Photographic developer and lithography plates
- Photocopying and printing inks
- Black rubber
- Oils, greases and gasoline
Who is most likely to develop a PPD allergy?
May occur in anyone
Hairdressers — who often apply hair dye to their clients several times each day
Hairdressing clients — especially those using darker shades of dye, so allergy is more common in people with skin of colour than in light-skinned individuals.
Photographers that develop film
People who have black temporary tattoos.
How might PPD allergy present?
A mild reaction:
* eyelid dermatitis
* ear dermatits
* hand dermatitis
Moderate reaction:
* reddening, blistering and swelling of the eyelids, scalp, face and neck.
Severe reaction:
* intense blistering reactions
* a lichenoid eruption may arise 1–2 weeks later.
autoeczematisation causing a widespread reaction is possible
What substances are related to PPD that may also cause an allergic reaction?
Azo dyes:
* used in semi-permanent and temporary hair dyes, textiles, ballpoint pen inks, gasoline and diesel oil; and as a colouring agent in foods and medications
Para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA):
* used in sunscreens and some cosmetics that are available over-the-counter.
Benzocaine and procaine:
* ester PABA-containing local anaesthetics used by doctors and dentists
Medications:
* sulfonamides/sulfa drugs, sulfones, and para-aminosalicylic acid
How do you patch test?
ABS – > 1% petrollium jelly
or if high suspcisoin 0.3%
Hair-dressor series
Self Testing
-> behind the ears / inner upper arm
-> uncovered (leave for 48 - 72 hrs)
- reaction
What do you do if you a client has an allergy?
2% hydrogen peroxide
Potassium permangenate 1:1000 dilution
oxidises the PPD
