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Cancer Care > Paraneoplastic Syndromes and Tumour Markers > Flashcards

Paraneoplastic Syndromes and Tumour Markers Flashcards

1
Q

Give examples of some paraneoplastic syndromes

A

SIADH
Cushings Syndrome
Hypercalcaemia
Peripheral neuropathy

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2
Q

In which cancers can SIADH be seen?

A

SCLC
Pancreatic cancer
Lymphomas

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3
Q

What causes SIADH?

A

Excess ADH release

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4
Q

How does SIADH present?

A

Fatigue
Headache
Confusion
Seizure

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5
Q

How is SIADH managed?

A

Fluid restrict

Demeclocycline

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6
Q

In what cancers can Cushing’s syndrome be seen

A

SCLC
NSCLC
Pancreatic cancer

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7
Q

What causes Cushing’s syndrome?

A

Excess production of ACTH precursors

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8
Q

How does Cushing’s syndrome present?

A

Rapid onset weakness
Hyperpigmentation
Metabolic disturbance

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9
Q

How is Cushing’s syndrome treated?

A

Depend on cancer

Bilateral adrenalectomy OR
Metyrapone

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10
Q

What cancers can cause hypercalcaemia?

A

NSCLC
Head and neck cancers
Renal tumours

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11
Q

What causes hypercalcaemia in these cancers?

A

PTHrP produced - humoral hypercalcaemia

Tumour release calcium

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12
Q

How does hypercalcaemia present?

A

Rapid onset nausea
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Arrhythmia

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13
Q

How is hypercalcaemia managed?

A

Hydrate

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14
Q

What cancers cause peripheral neuropathy?

A 
SCLC
Myeloma
Hodgkins
Breast
GI
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15
Q

How do cancers cause peripheral neuropathy?

A

Autoimmune axonal degeneration/demyelination

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16
Q

How does peripheral neuropathy present and how is it treated?

A

Depend on type and site

Steroids

17
Q

What is PSA associated with?

A

Prostatic carcinoma

18
Q

What is AFP associated with?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Teratoma

19
Q

What is CEA associated with?

A

Colorectal cancer

20
Q

What is S100 associated with?

A

Melanoma

Schwannoma

21
Q

What is Bombesin a tumour marker for?

A

SCLC
Gastric cancer
Neuroblastoma
Pancreatic

22
Q

What is CA 125 associated with?

A

Ovarian Cancer

23
Q

What is CA 19-9 associated with?

A

Pancreatic Cancer

24
Q

What is CA 15-3 associated with?

A

Breast Cancer

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