Paraneoplastic Syndromes Flashcards
What is SIADH?
Excessive ADH secretion causing hyponatraemia
Concentrated urine in the presence of hyponatraemia and low plasma osmolality without hypovolaemia, oedema or diuretics
What cancers cause SIADH?
Small cell lung cancer Pancreas Prostate Thymus Lymphoma
How is SIADH treated?
Treat cause
Restrict fluid
Consider salt ± loop diuretic if sever
What is Cushing’s syndrome?
Tumour secretes ACTH or CRF causing adrenal production of corticosteroids
Weight gain Depression, lethargy, irritability Gonadal dysfuction - irregular menses, hirsuitism, erectile dysfunction Acne Recurrent Achilles tendon rupture
Central obesity Plethoric moon face Buffalo hump Abdominal stria Supraclavicular fat Skin, muscle atrophy Bruises Oestoporosis Hyperglycaemia Hypertnesion
Which malignancies cause Cushing’s syndrome?
Small cell lung cancer
Pancreas
Thymus
Carcinoid
How do tumours cause neuropathy?
Antibody mediated neuronal degeneration
What tumours cause neuropathy?
Lung, breast, myeloma, Hodgkin’s, GI
What is lambert-eaton syndrome?
Antibody to voltage gated ion channel on pre-synaptic membrane causes weakness (proximal leg most common)
Lung
GI, breast, thymus
What is acathosis nigricans? Cause?
Velvety hyperpigmented skin, usually flexural
Hyperglycaemia and GI cancer
What is phemigus? Cause?
Blisters to skin/mucous membranes
Lymphoma
Thymus cancer
Kaposi’s sarcoma
What is hypertrophic osteoarthropathy? Cause?
Periosteal bone formation
ARthritis
Finger clubbing
Lung cancer
