Paradise Lost Quotes Flashcards
How everything was up till now
“No more of talk where God or angel guest/ With Man, as with friend, familiar used to sit indulgent”
-No longer to occur
What does Milton change his tune to
“tragic, foul, distrust, and breach/Disloyal” (foul and distrust are emphasisers)
The feelings of heaven towards man
“distance and distaste”
“Anger and just rebuke, and judgement given”
-Menin means anger and is the first word in Homer’s Iliad, there is a caesura before judgement
More heroic than Homer
“Not less but more heroic than the wrath/
of stern Achilles”
(Once again anger placed at the end)
OR Turnus’s/ Neptune’s/Juno’s rage
what was the “only argument Heroic deemed”
Wars, wars and heroic at the beginning of the lines
“with long and tedious havoc fabled knights in battles feigned”
what is greater than these petty wars of knights
“better fortitude of Patience” and “heroic martyrdom”
Setting the scene
“the sun was sunk”
What has Satan recently done before Gabriel’s threats
“late fled”
AFter his collision with Gabriel Satan is now
“improved in meditated fraud and malice, bent on man’s destruction”
notice the three words in the semantic field
Why, in his evil intentions, is Satan heroic
“maugre what might hap of heavier on himself”
Satan fleeing and returning
“fearless returned.
By night he fled, and at midnight returned
From compassing the Earth”
Satan’s journey
“full of anguish driven/The space of seven continued nights he rode/ With darkness”
- positioning sees the heroic journey turned evil
Satan’s journey
“full of anguish driven/The space of seven continued nights he rode/ With darkness”
- positioning sees the heroic journey turned evil
How did Satan enter Eden
“by stealth”
by a rountain by the TRee of Life “roSe Satan involved in riSing miSt, then Sought” where to lay hid
Where had he searched to lie hid
“over”“beyond”“Downward”“roamed”“searched” with “inspection deep” considered every creature. geographical places.
Why he chose the serpent
“Serve hiS wileS” …. “Serpent SubtleSt beaSt”
Why must a subtle beast be used
in other beasts doubt might beget of “diabolic power” “beyond the sense of brute”
what is his sililoque
“inward grief” “bursting Passions into Plaints thus Poured”
what is his sililoque
“inward grief” “bursting Passions into Plaints thus Poured”
What Satan says about Earth
“seat worthier of gods” than heaven,
Why does he think EArth is better than heaven
built with second thoughts
“Oh Earth, how like to Heaven, if not preferred
For what God, after better, worse would build?”
better and worse juxtaposition
-only one god, an excuse to attack God
Satan’s appreciation of Eden
“With what delight could I have walked thee round”
“round” contrast to current journeying
sympathetic
list of all the various types of terrain
asyndeton: “Now land, now Sea, and shores with forest crowned”
Satan makes it sound as if he’s been wronged
different geographical terrians
“I in none of these find place or refuge”
Satan makes it sound as if he’s been wronged
different geographical terrians
“I in none of these find place or refuge”
Contrast with feelings within and what is about
“…………………………………………the more I see
Pleasures about me, so much more I feel
Torment within me….”
-Pleasures and Torment are both stressed.
-“so much” is an emphasiser.
-“about” in antithesis to “within”
- “see” and “feel” are both senses
Satan reject heaven and earth
“But neither here seek I, no nor in Heaven
To dwell, unless by mastering Heaven’s Supreme;”
his real aim is impossible
-rejects a perfect version
What is his current aim then?
“Nor hope to be myself less miserable
By what I seek, but others to make such
As I”
- “make” is a mockery of gods creation, he can only destroy
- his heroic journey in the first line is completely undermined by the second line
How does he find ease
“only in destroying I find ease”
What will Satan’s glory be
“To me shall be the glory sole”
to mar “in one day” what the Almighty made in “six nights and days”
What will Satan’s glory be
“To me shall be the glory sole”
to mar “in one day” what the Almighty made in “six nights and days”
petty
What does Satan think he’s done well
“freed from servitude inglorious well nigh half th’angelic name”
Why does SAtan think god made man
“to repair his numbers” failing to create other angels (impossible)
or “to spite us more”
-he can only think in negatives, never the big picture.
Satan’s disgust at a lower class being exalted
“Exalted from so base original”
of Earth “Him lord pronounced, and, O indignity!
Subjected to his service angel wings”
Satan’s disgust at entering a beast
“O foul descent! that I who erst contended
with gods to sit the highest, am now constrained
Into beast, and mixed with bestial slime”
“incarnate and imbrute”
-it is a forced dead
- antithesis to what he had wished “the height of deity aspired”
- contrast to Jesus’ willing reincarnation as man
regret perhaps
“Revenge, at first though sweet,bitter ere long back on itself recoils”
The snake description before Satan takes over
“Not yet in horrid shade or dismal den”
“Not nocent yet”
“Fearless unfeared” (traductio and stresses on fear)
-reminders of all things that come after the fall
Satan entering the snake
“in at his mouth the devil entered”
Eden in the morning
flowers “breathed their morning incense” and everything that breaths from EArth’s great altar send up silent prais to the CReator.and his nostrills fill with “grateful smell” (hes not spiteful)
Eve’s approach to work
“the work under our labour grows”
“let us divide our labours”
How does Eve address Adam, what does she want him to do
“advise” or “hear”
Why does she think their work takes so long
“Looks intervene and smiles…casual discourse…and th’hour of supper comes unearned”
Adam praises EVe
“Sole Eve, associate sole, to me beyond
Compare above all living creatures dear”
“Well hast thou motioned, well thy thoughts employed”
what does ADam praise in woman
“nothing lovelier can be found In woman, than to study household good”
Adam argument about work
“For not to irksome toil, but to delight
He made us, and delight to Reason joined”
(by wanting to do work they end up having to do work)
why would he consider letting EVe go (on normal circumstances)
“short retirement urges sweet return”
Why does Adam decide he would rather she doesn’t go however
“lest harm befall THEE severed from ME”
Adam is consistently right
- warned that a “malicious foe” “envying our happiness “ “own despairing” wishes to work them “woe and shame By sly assault”
he may look for his “best advantage”
“each to other to other speedy aid might lend at need” -he has no hope that way - his first design would be to “withdraw our fealty from God”
Adam’s little mistake in his speech
the women is safest by her husband “who guards her”
Milton admires Eve
“As one who loves, and some unkindness meets”
Why does EVe say she is upset by Adam’s words
“my firmness therefore doubt to God or thee… I expected not to hear” that she maay be tempted
Adam’s correct assumption of what ADam was saying
that he is afraid that “my firm faith and love can by his fraud be shaken or seduced”
Adam’s correct assumption of what ADam was saying
that he is afraid that “my firm faith and love can by his fraud be shaken or seduced”
Adam mitigates his insult
“th’attempt itself…asperses the tempted with dishonour foul” (Cicero argued that it was bad to even be tempted)(ADam is tempting her more)
Adam’s male arrogance
“The enemy, though bold, will hardly dare, Or daring, first on me th’assualt shall light”
(this misjudgment of Satan’s pride begins to corrupt ADam’s previous logic
Adam’s argument of virility
“in thy sight More wise, more watchful, stronger”
“shame, thou looking on, shame to be overcome or over-reached”
Eve’s good argumen about freedom
“How are we happy, still in fear of harm?”
(but how does separating solve this)
fear of harm was considered an evil
Eve’s judgement of SAtan
his “foul esteem” will turn “foul on himself” by overcoming his tempting “double honour fain” and “favour from Heaven” (if she has succeeded she would have received this)
Eve’s belief that love must be tested
“what is faith, love, virtue unassayed”
- these are things that matter to Adam. But a disastruous decision to risk thm to prove them.
- Pride in self belief. THey don’t need to be proved in such a way
- this argument is undermined, Satan is there for those things to be trialed she should have remembered this later on
Eve’s final argument, powerful
“let us not then suspect our happy state left so imperfect by the maker wise,”
“Eden were no Eden thus exposed”
(but she knows there is a danger, she hasnt thought that it may exactly be a trial and that it wont be easy, hasnt htought that she may loose Eden)
Eve’s final argument, powerful
“let us not then suspect our happy state left so imperfect by the maker wise,”
“Eden were no Eden thus exposed”
(but she knows there is a danger, she hasnt thought that it may exactly be a trial and that it wont be easy, hasnt htought that she may loose Eden)
Where does ADam say the danger is
“within himself the danger lies”
completely answers her
Adam on REason
“REason he made right, But bid her well beware” lest “she dictate false”
REason may “fall into deception unaware”
Adam on REason
“REason he made right, But bid her well beware” lest “she dictate false”
REason may “fall into deception unaware”
Why does Adam let her go
“Go; for thy stay not free”
How does Eve say with what she leaves
“With thy permission then, and thus forewarned”
Eve underestimates SAtan
“A foe so proud will first the weaker seek”
Eve compared to
Pomona who fled Vertumnus
Ceres in her prime
Adam as Eve walks away
“long with ardent look his eye pursued DElighted, but desiring more her stay”
What does Adam rrepeat to Eve as she leaves
“his charge of quick return” and “to be returned by noon”
Milton flashforwards to Eve’s fall as she walks away
“O much deceived, much failing, hapless Eve”
Satan’s disguise antithesis
“hid among sweet flowers…waited with hellish rancour”
Satan’s plan for Eve
“Despoiled of innocence, of faith, of bliss”
What did Satan wish for
“wished his hap might find Eve separate, he wished, but not with hope”
“…to his wish
Beyond, his hope, Eve separate he spies”
What did Satan wish for
“wished his hap might find Eve separate, he wished, but not with hope”
“…to his wish
Beyond, his hope, Eve separate he spies”
What flower is Eve compared to
“fairest unsupported flower”
“her best prop so far, and storm so near”
Satan admires Eden and admires Eve
“Much he the place admired, the person more”
Pastoral literature epic simile
“One who long in populous city pent, Where houses thick and sewers annoy the air.”
“Summers morn, to breathe” the pleasant smell of grain, or tended grass and a fair Virgin pass
semantic field to describe Eve when Satan first sees her
“flowery plat” “sweet” “heavenly form” “Angelic, but more soft, and feminine” “graceful innocence”
Eve’s effect on Satan
“with rapine sweet bereaved his fierceness of the fierce intent it brought” as he is separated from his own evil”
“for the time remained stupidly good, of enmity disarmed, of guile, of hate, of envy, of revenge”
Why does Satan become evil again after seeing EVe
“the hot hell that always in him burns” (monosyllabic)
pleasures “not for him ordained” (preordained to be evil)
“Fierce hate he recollects”
Satan’s soliloquy about momentarily being good
he came here for “hate, not love”
there’s no “hope of paradise for Hell”
“what is in destroying, other joy to me is lost”
Satan’s opinion on Adam
“higher intellectual more I shun, and strength, of courage haughty; and of limb Heroic built”
“not informidable” traductio (trying to convince himself he’s not powerful)
Why is Satan weeker
“Hell debased, and pain enfeebled me”
What does he say about Eve
“she fair, divinely fair, fit love for gods”
“terror be in love and beauty”
anadiplosis “….stronger hate/hate stronger….”
DEscription of the snake
“carbuncle his eyes… burnished neck of verdant gold…circling spires”
“and lovely, never since of serpent kind
lovelier”
Other snakes
those that “changed Hermione and CAdmus”
“to which transformed Ammonian Jove” with Olympias bore “Scipio the height of Rome”
Satan’s approach to Eve
“fawning” “licked the ground whereon she trod”
Satan flatters Eve
“sovereign mistress”
“who art sole wonder”
TRaductio: “fairest resemblance of thy maker fair”
all things your “celestial beauty adore” (fox and the crow)
Appeals to Eve’s desire to be divine
“shouldst be seen a goddess among gods, adored and served by angels numberless”
Satan’s effect on EVe
his words made way “into the heart of Eve”
at his voice she was “Not unamazed” litotes
Eve’s first questions to Satan
knows he is “subtlest beast of all the field”
asks how he came to be “speakable of mute”
and why “so friendly grown above the rest”
How Satan address Eve the second time
“EmpreSS of thiS fair world, reSplendant Eve”
he will answer for she should be obeyed “what thou commands’t” “thou shouldst be obeyed”
Satan’s explanation
before he only thought of “sex” and my “food”
then he had a “sharp desire” for the apples
mimicks God “Grateful to appetite”
Satan about to eat the fruit
“hunger and thirst at once,
Powerful Persuaders, quickened at the scent
Of that alluring Fruit, urged me so keen”
Satan once he had eaten the fruit
Reason and speech
“to speculations high or deep i turned my thoughts”
“with capacious mind considered all things visible in heaven”
Once Satan claims his eyes were opened what was the fairest thing
“thy divine semblance” “thy beauty’s heavenly ray” “no fair to thine Equivalent or second”
Eve doubts Satan
“thy overpraising leaves in doubt the virtue of that fruit”
Eve orders Satan
“Lead then”
Satan’s mazing
“made intricate seem straight, to mischief swift”
Satan’s emotions as he leads Eve
“Hope elevates, and joy brightens his crest”
Satan as a willo the wisp
“misleads th’amazed night wanderer” “to bogs and mires” “through pond and pool” “there swallowed up and lost”
Eve refuses to eat
“left that command sole daughter of his voice”
from authorized bible “ye shall not eat theoreof, nor shall ye touch it, lest ye die”
How does Satan begin to convince her
“with show of zeal and love to Man” “New part puts on”
Satan as an orator
“As when of old some some orator renowned in Athens or free Rome, where eloquence Flourished, since mute”
Satan’s great speech, how does he begin
apostrophising the tree “O sacred, wise, and wisdom-giving plant…now I feel thy power”
Satan’s great speech, flatters Eve
“queen of this universe”
Convinces her she wont die
“look on me
me who have touched and tasted” (basic senses, anadiplosis)
Convinces Eve there’s nothing to fear from god
“will God incense his ire for such a petty tresspass, and not praise rather your dauntless VIRTUE”
Satan diminishes God’s authority
“Not just, not God; not feared then, nor obeyed:”
“the Threatener”
Tricolone, makes god seem petty
“Why then was this forbid? Why but to awe,
Why but to keep ye low and ignorant” (but he placed the tree there in the first place
why would god not want you to eat the apple,
proportion rise
because when you do
“ye shall be as gods…ye should be as gods, since I as Man, Internal Man, is but proportion meet, I of brute human, ye of human gods”
Satan explains death
“So ye shall die perhaps, by putting off
Human, to put on gods, death to be wished”
nothing wrong with wanting to know
“wherein lies TH’offence, that Man sould thus attain to know?”
Ending of Satan’s great speech
repeats a few points
“what can your knowledge hurt him”
“is it envy”
“these and many more causes import your need of this fair fruit”
“goddess humane, reach then, and freely taste” (as if he’s already convinced her)
Effect on Eve
“into her heart too easy entrance won”
His words seemed “impregned with Reason”
Tempted by the fruit
“eager appetite” “smell so savoury of that fruit”
“solicited her longing eye”
Eve doubts God
“Forbids us good, forbids us to be wise” (only wonders about problems for herself not simply that God forbid it)
Eve thinks Satan is good
“friendly to Man, far from deceit or guile” (what he promises is good, but hasn’t thought he may be lying)
Outcome of her plucking
“she plucked, she ate: Earth felt the wound”
Her eating
“Greedily she engorged without restraint”
Eve worships the tree
“O sovereign, virtuous, precious of all trees”
“each morning” “due praise shall tend thee”
Might not be able to be seen by God
“Heaven is high/ High and remote”
Eve’s new opinion of God
“Our great Forbidder, safe with all his spies”
Why would eve not share with Adam
“to add what wants in female sex” “render me more equal” “inferior who is free?”
Why does she decide to share with Adam
if she dies and “what if God hath seen and death ensue? then I shall be no more and Adam wedded to another Eve, Shall live with her enjoying”
“Adam shall share with me in bliss or woe”
Eve expresses her love for Adam, but is she just lying to herslef
“So dear I love him, that with him all deaths I could endure; without him live no life”
How does Eve commence her speech to ADam
“agony of love till now not felt” (knows how to convince him” talks about its effect on the snake “reasoning to admiration” “persuasively hath so prevailed”
She says that if he doesn’t taste then
“different degree disjoin us”
Adam like Turnus
“his knees gave way, his blood was frozen cold.” “Turnus’ limbs went slack”
“horror chill ran through his veins, and all his joints relaxed”
How Adam Adresses fallen Eve
“O fairest of creation, last and best”
What Adam thinks has happened to Eve
“Defaced, deflowered, and now to death devote?”
Adam decides to die with her
How can I live without thee….never shall be parted, bliss or woe”
PRaises Eve
“Bold deed thou hast presumed, adventurous EVe”
His arguments to convince himself
the snake has already tasted and he is not dead
will God “creator wise”destroy his “prime creatures.”
Adam thinks he is one with Eve
…we are one,
One flesh; to lose thee were to lose myself” (chiasmus and anadiplosis”
How does Eve take Adam’s decision to die
“O glorious trial of exceeding love”
Eve confirms Adam’s statement, but she twists it
“One heart, one soul in both…To undergo with me one guilt,one crime”
ADam wasn’t deceived he was
“not deceived, but fondly overcome with female charm”
Adam and E e’s sex
“Carnal desire inflaming, he on Eve began to cast lascivious eyes, she him as wantonly repaid; in lust they burn”
How does sinful Adam now see eve
“thy beauty” has never before “inflamed my sense with ardour to enjoy thee”
“her hand he seized, and to a shady bank”
slep on them
“sleep oppressed them”
How they arose from sleep
Herculean Samson…Shorn of his strength”
How Adam thinks they now are
thir genitals “soiled and stained
What Adam wants to do
live in “solitude” away from the light
Emotions they feel within
“high winds worse within began to rise, high passions, anger, hate, mistrust, suspicion, discord”
“calm region once and full of peace, now tossed and turbulent”
reason and apetite
“sensual appetite..usurping over sovereign Reason claimed superior sway”
Eve’s last argument
you blame my “will of wandering”
““thou couldst not have discerned fraud in the serpent”
“why did not thou the head command me absolutely not to go”body politic, renaissance
Adam’s last argument
“IS this the love, is this the recompense of mine to thee, ingrateful Eve!”
“What could I more” any more would have been force “force upon free will hath here no place”
“I also erred in overmuch admiring what seemed in thee so perfect”
“On him who next provokes my envy”
“this new favourite
of heaven, this Man of clay, son of despite
Whom us the more to spite his maker raised
From dust: spite then with spite is best repaid”
What does Satan say about Eve being powerful but not really
Of all these garden trees ye shall not eat,
Yet Lords declared of all in earth or air?
Hate, hate stronger
“And BEAUTY not approached by STRONGER HATE, / HATE STRONGER, under show of LOVE well feigned”
