Papilloedema Flashcards
1
Q
Define papilloedema.
A
- Optic disc swelling that is caused by increased ICP
- Almost always bilateral
2
Q
What are the fundoscopic features of papilloedema?
A
- Venous engorgement - usually the first sign
- Loss of venous pulsation
- Blurring of the optic disc margin
- Elevation of optic disc
- Loss of the optic cup
- Paton’s lines: concentric/radial retinal lines cascading from the optic disc
3
Q
What are the causes of papilloedema?
A
- SOL (neoplastic, vascular)
- Malignant hypertension
- IIH
- Hydrocephalus
- Hypercapnia
Rare causes:
- Hypoparathyroidism and hypocalcaemia
- Vitamin A toxicity
