Paper2: Forces - scalar/vector quantities, types of forces Flashcards

1
Q

State examples of scalar quantities

A

Mass
Temperature
Speed
Energy
Distance
Time
Volume

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2
Q

Define scalar quantity

A

A Scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has magnitude (size or amount) only, without any specific direction

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3
Q

Explain why distance gives us no idea of the direction

A

Distance gives us no idea of the direction. This is because distance is a scalar quantity

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4
Q

State examples of vector quantities

A

Displacement
Weight
Force
Velocity
Acceleration
Momentum
Electric field

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5
Q

Define vector quantity

A

A vector quantity is a physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction

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6
Q

Define displacement

A

Displacement is distance in a given direction

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7
Q

Explain why displacement is a vector quantity

A

This is because displacement is distance in a given direction

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8
Q

Give an example of a displacement measurement

A

500 m due West

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9
Q

Give an example of a displacement measurement

A

500 m due West

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10
Q

How can vector quantities be represented

A

Vector quantities can be represented using an arrow

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11
Q

Define force

A

A force is a push or a pull that acts on an object due to the interaction
with another object.

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12
Q

https://filestore.aqa.org.uk/sample-papers-and-mark-schemes/2021/november/AQA-84632H-QP-NOV21.PDF
question 7.1

What name is given to force A?

A

friction

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13
Q

What does the length of the arrow and the direction represent for a vector quantitiy

A

The length of
the arrow represents the magnitude, and the direction of the arrow represents the direction of the vector quantity.

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14
Q

The average speed of a car between the cameras and the average velocity of the car
between the cameras are different

A

velocity is a vector and speed is
a scalar
road is not straight
therefore direction changes so
the velocity changes

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15
Q

What do all forces have

A

All forces have both magnitude (size) and direction
Forces - vector quantity

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16
Q

State the two types of forces

A

Contact forces
Non-contact forces

17
Q

What is the unit of force

A

Newton (N)

18
Q

When do all forces occur/take place

A

All forces take place when two objects interact

19
Q

Define contact force

A

A contact force is a force that acts on objects only when the objects physically touch each other

20
Q

Define non-contact force

A

A non-contact force is a force that acts on objects that are physically separated

21
Q

Examples of contact forces

A

Tension (e.g. in a rope)
Friction
Air resistance
Normal contact force

22
Q

Examples of non-contact forces

A

Gravitational force (attracts all objects to other objects e.g. this force attracts the international space station to the earth and the earth to the space station)

Electrostatic force (the force between two charged objects - electrostatic forces of attraction and repulsion)

Magnetic force (the force experienced by certain objects in a magnetic field)

23
Q

Describe how tension in a rope is created

A

The force of tension is pulling on the soldier

24
Q

Explain the role of friction in an aeroplane landing on the water

A

The force of friction is acting between the water and the aeroplane.
This causes the aeroplane to slow down and come to a stop

25
Define friction
Friction is a resistive force that slows things down and tries to stop objects sliding past each other
26
In which direction does friction act
Friction always acts in the opposite direction to which an object is trying to move
27
Define air resistance
Air resistance is friction caused by movement through air
28
Define upthrust
Upthrust is the upward force acting on an object. which is caused by the water around that object
29
Explain the role of air resistance acting on the skydiver
As the skydiver falls through the air, air particles collide with the parachute. This causes the force of air resistance to act upwards
30
Define drag
The friction caused by an object moving through a liquid (E.G. water) is known as drag
31
Label the forces acting on the moving fish
_____upthrust * | thrust<--- fish ->friction | * __________weight
32
Label the forces acting on a boat
upthrust acting upwards air resistance acting in the opposite direction to thrust Weight acting downwards Friction acting between the water and the boat
33
Explain the role of the normal contact force E.g. a lamp on a table
The lamp is exerting a downward force on the table. This force is weight At the same time, the table is exerting an upward force on the lamp This force is called the normal contact force
34
When can the normal contact force only occur
The normal contact force can only happen if the two objects are in direct contact
35
Swimmers practise diving to the bottom of the swimming pool to pick up the diving brick. Explain why the forces on the brick at the bottom of the pool cause the brick to be stationary.
upthrust acts (upwards on the brick) normal contact force acts upwards (on the brick) weight is equal to upthrust plus normal contact force