PAPER ONE Flashcards
definition of health
a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
definition of fitness
the ability to meet/cope with the demands of the environment
definition of agility
the ability to move and change direction quickly whilst maintaining control
definition of balance
maintaining the centre of mass over a base of support
definition of cardio-vascular endurance
the ability of the heart and lungs to supply oxygen to the working muscles
definition of coordination
the ability to use different (two or more) parts of the body together smoothly and efficiently
definition of flexibility
the range of movement possible at a joint
definition of muscular endurance
ability of a muscular or muscle group go repeated contractions avoiding fatigue
definition of power
the product of strength and speed (strength x speed)
reaction of reaction time
the time taken to initiate a respond to a stimulus
definition of speed
the maximum rate at which an individual is able to perform a movement or cover a distance in a period of time
definition of strength
the ability to overcome a resistance
functions of the skeleton
- support
- protection
- movement
- structural shape and points for attachment
- mineral storage
- blood cell production
definition of abduction
movement where limbs are moved away from the body
definition of adduction
movement where limbs are moved back towards the body
definition of rotation
turning a limb along its long axis
definition of tidal volume
the volume of air breathed in (or out) during a normal breath at rest
definition of expiatory reserve volume
the additional air the can be forcibly exhaled after the expiration of a normal tide volume
definition of inspiratory reserve volume
the additional air that can be forcibly inhaled after the inspiration of a normal tidal volume
definition of residual volume
the volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration
definition of vasoconstriction
reducing the diameter of small arteries to reduce blood flow to tissues
definition of vasodilation
increased the diameter of small arteries to increase blood flow to tissues
definition of cardiac cycle
sequence of events that occur when the heart beats
definition of systole
term used to describe the concentration phase of the cardiac cycle
definition of diastole
term used to describe the relaxation phase the cardiac cycle
definition of oxygen debt
temporary oxygen shortage in the body due to strenuous exercise
definition of lactic acid
waste product from anaerobic exercise
definition of EPOC
(Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption)
increased rate of oxygen intake following strenuous activity
definition of hypertrophy
increase in size of muscles/heart due to long-term exercise
definition of bradycardia
lowered resting heart rate due to long term exercise
definition of concentric
isotonic concentration where the muscle shortens
definition of isotonic
muscle action where the muscle changes length which causes movement
