Paper 3: practical issues Flashcards
What are practical issues in research?
Practical issues refer to challenges encountered during the research process, including methodology, participant recruitment, and data collection.
These issues can affect the validity and generalizability of research findings.
What does GRAV stand for in research methods?
GRAV stands for Goals, Resources, Audience, and Value, which are considerations when planning research.
It helps researchers align their methods with the intended outcomes.
What is a common method used in social research?
Lab experiments.
Lab experiments allow for strict control over extraneous variables, enhancing the study’s credibility.
How does strict control in lab studies affect validity?
It enhances validity by minimizing extraneous variables but may lead to artificial conditions affecting participant behavior.
This relationship is crucial when evaluating studies like Milgram’s variations.
What are common criticisms of lab-based research?
Artificial conditions, high control levels affecting behavior, and questions of ecological validity.
These criticisms highlight limitations in generalizing findings to real-world settings.
What practical issues arise from using surveys in research?
Subjectivity in analysis, social desirability bias, pilot studies, recruitment challenges, and response rates.
These issues can compromise the reliability and validity of survey results.
How do surveys measure attitudes?
Surveys use quantitative and qualitative data to assess attitudes.
However, interpretations can be affected by the subjectivity of open questions.
What is a potential limitation of postal questionnaires?
They can limit generalizability and often have low response rates.
This can affect the representativeness of the sample.
What are interviewer effects in surveys?
Interviewer effects refer to biases introduced by the presence or behavior of the interviewer.
This can impact the responses given by participants.
What type of data can surveys gather?
Qualitative and quantitative data.
This allows for a comprehensive understanding of attitudes and behaviors.
Name a classic study in social research.
Milgram’s obedience study.
It investigated obedience to authority through lab experiments.
What is a key focus in cognitive psychology research?
Memory and its processes.
Studies in this area often involve lab experiments and case studies.
What methods are commonly used in biological psychology?
Lab experiments, animal research, brain scans, twin and adoption studies.
These methods help explore biological influences on behavior.
What are some methods used in clinical psychology research?
Case studies, interviews, primary and secondary data collection.
These methods are crucial for understanding mental illnesses.
What is the focus of research in criminal psychology?
Criminality, eyewitness testimony, and jury decision-making.
Various methods including lab and field experiments are applied.
What is a notable study in cognitive psychology?
Baddeley’s study on memory.
It explored the effects of different types of memory tasks.
What is a significant finding from Rosenhan’s study?
The challenges in diagnosing mental illness and the influence of context on diagnosis.
This study raised questions about the validity of psychiatric diagnoses.
Fill in the blank: Thematic analysis is used to analyze _______.
[qualitative data].
It identifies patterns and themes within qualitative data.
True or False: Animal research is not a valid method in biological psychology.
False.
Animal research provides insights into biological processes that can be analogous to human behavior.
What are the two types of data gathered in surveys?
Qualitative and quantitative data.
These data types are essential for a comprehensive analysis of attitudes.
