Paper 2 waves

Question 1

Properties of waves

Answer 1

A wave is a regular disturbance that carries energy from one place to another. Waves also carry information. WAVES DO NOT CARRY PARTICLES

Question 2

Transverse waves

Answer 2

When the vibrations are at a right angle to the direction of the wave

Question 3

Longitudinal wave

Answer 3

When the vibrations are parallel to the direction of the wave

Question 4

compression

Answer 4

Where the particles are squashed together

Question 5

rarefaction

Answer 5

Where the particles are spread out

Question 6

Mechanical waves

Answer 6

Sound and water (can’t travel through a vacuum)

Question 7

Electromagnetic waves

Answer 7

Light and infrared (can travel through a vacuum)

Question 8

Peak and crest

Answer 8

Highest point on a wave

Question 9

trough

Answer 9

Lowest point on a wave

Question 10

amplitude

Answer 10

The height from the peak to the centre of the wave

Question 11

Wavelength

Answer 11

Distance from a point on one wave to the equivalent point on the adjacent wave

Question 12

frequency

Answer 12

How many waves pass by a pint every second or number of waves produced each second
Frequency= cycles/time

Question 13

period (T)

Answer 13

How long it takes for one wave to pass a point in seconds

Question 14

wavespeed =

Answer 14

Frequency x wavelength

Question 15

Angle of incidence =

Answer 15

Angle of reflection

Question 16

When light enters glass it bends

Answer 16

Towards the normal

Question 17

When light leaves the glass it bends

Answer 17

Away from the normal

Question 18

Why does sound travel fastest through solids

Answer 18

Because the particles are closer together so the vibrations are more easily passed from particle to particle so sound travels faster

Question 19

The larger the amplitude of the wave

Answer 19

The louder the sound

Question 20

The greater the number of waves across the oscilloscope trace

Answer 20

The higher the frequency and pitch

Question 21

radiowaves

Answer 21

Uses: telecommunications, TV, radio
Dangers: none

Question 22

Microwaves

Answer 22

Uses: telecommunications, cooking, RADAR
Dangers: can produce burns, cataracts, cancer?

Question 23

Infrared

Answer 23

Uses: heating, cooking, TV remotes, night-vision
Dangers: can burn

Question 24

Visible light

Answer 24

Uses: seeing
Dangers: eye damage from bright lights

Question 25

Ultraviolet

Answer 25

Uses: discos, tanning salons, pollination
Dangers: skin cancer

Question 26

X-ray

Answer 26

Uses: medical imagery, security
Dangers: cancer

Question 27

Gamma rays

Answer 27

Uses: cancer treatment, observing the universe
Dangers: cancer

Question 28

High frequency

Answer 28

Short wavelength, high energy

Question 29

Low frequency

Answer 29

Long wavelength, low energy

Question 30

Ultra sound waves

Answer 30

Waves which have a frequency higher than (20,000Hz)
Waves are partially reflected when they meet a boundary between 2 different media. time taken to do so determines the thickness

Question 31

What can ultra sound be used for

Answer 31

Medical scans, industrial cleaning and non-destructive testing of materials