Paper 2 Unit 4 Sports Psychology

Question 1

what is a skill?

Answer 1

a learned action or behaviour with the intention of bringing about predetermined results with maximum certainty and minimum outlay of time and energy

Question 2

what is an ability?

Answer 2

stable traits inherited from your parents that determine and individual’s potential to learn or acquire skills

Question 3

what is a basic skill? give an example

Answer 3

a skill where few decisions have to be made and are learned fairly quickly
eg. walking jumping

Question 4

what is a complex skill? give an example

Answer 4

lots of decisions have to be made to be successful, can take e considerable time to master
eg. high jump, back somersault

Question 5

what is an open skill. give an example

Answer 5

an open skill is a skill that is performed in a certain way to deal with changing or unstable environments. eg. rugby tackle

Question 6

what is a closed skill? give an example?

Answer 6

The skill is not affected by the environment or performers within it. It tends to be done the same way each time. eg. The front somersault in gymnastics or the javelin throw.

Question 7

what is a self-paced skill? Give an example.

Answer 7

The skill is started when the performance decides to start . the speed rate or pace of the skill is controlled by the performer e.g. long distance race

Question 8

what is an externally paced skill? give an example

Answer 8

the skill is started because of an external factor. the speed rate or pace of the scale is controlled by external factors eg. tennis shot

Question 9

What is a gross movement skill? Give an example

Answer 9

A skill that involves big movements of the body and the use of large muscle groups
E.g throwing a javelin

Question 10

what is a fine movement skill?give an example

Answer 10

A skill that involves small precise movements and small muscle groups. eg. dart throw

Question 11

What is a performance goal?

Answer 11

A goal that focuses on the athlete themselves and focuses on the performer competing against themselves to get a new best, for example

Question 12

What is an outcome goal?

Answer 12

A goal that focuses on the end results such as winning

Question 13

What does SMART target stand for?

Answer 13

specific
Measurable
Accepted
Realistic
Time bound

Question 14

What is input in the basic information processing model?

Answer 14

Information from the senses and selective attention

Question 15

What is decision-making in the information processing model?

Answer 15

Selection of the appropriate response from long and short term memory combined.

Question 16

What is feedback and what are the two types?

Answer 16

Intrinsic feedback is received via yourself and extrinsic is received via others.

Question 17

What is output?

Answer 17

The information sent to muscles to carry out the response.

Question 18

what are the four different types of guidance?

Answer 18

Visual, verbal, manual, mechanical

Question 19

What are the 3 types of feedback?

Answer 19

positive/ negative, knowledge of results/knowledge of performance, extrinsic/intrinsic

Question 20

What is arousal?

Answer 20

A physical and mental state of alertness/excitement varying from deep sleep to intense excitement

Question 21

What is the relationship between arousal level and performance level?

Answer 21

when under aroused, performance level is low. But when arousal level is too high low performance is also caused.

Question 22

What types of skills will need a high-level of arousal?

Answer 22

fine skills require lower level of arousal whereas gross movement skills need higher amounts of arousal

Question 23

what are the three methods to control arousal?

Answer 23

deep breathing- calm nerves, control arousal
Mental rehearsal-
Positive self talk

Question 24

What is direct aggression?

Answer 24

when there is actual physical contact between performers and the aggressor uses physical contact to directly and deliberately inflict harm upon their opponent

Question 25

What is indirect aggression?

Answer 25

indirect aggression does not involve physical contact. The aggressive act is taken out on an object to gain advantage over an opponent and it does not physically harm or injure. The act may be within the rules of the sport..

Question 26

What are the main characteristics of introvert?

Answer 26

shy/quiet
Thoughtful.
Enjoy being on their own

Question 27

What kind of sports do introverts tend to play?

Answer 27

individual sports when concentration or precision is required and lower arousal is required

Question 28

What are the main characteristics of an extrovert?

Answer 28

enjoy interaction with others/sociable.
Enthusiastic/talkative.
Prone to boredom when isolated

Question 29

What kind of sports do extroverts tend to play?

Answer 29

team sports where there is a fast pace, concentration may need to be lower, gross skills are used

Question 30

What is intrinsic motivation?

Answer 30

motivation that comes from within a person, for pride/self satisfaction and personal achievement

Question 31

What is extrinsic motivation?

Answer 31

motivation that comes from another person or is a tangible reward such as a trophy or an intangible reward such as praise and applause

Question 32

What are the benefits of intrinsic motivation?

Answer 32

intrinsic is generally deemed more effective.
Intrinsic is more likely to lead to continued effort and participation

Question 33

What are the benefits and negatives of extrinsic motivation?

Answer 33

a: extrinsic rewards may result in feelings of pride and self satisfaction

d: the performer may become reliant on extrinsic. Overuse of extrinsic can undermine the strength of intrinsic.