Paper 2: Socio-cultural influences and well-being in physical activity and sport Flashcards
Definition of skill
a learning action/behaviour with the intention of bringing about predetermined results with minimal certainty and minimum outlay of time and energy
E.g. shooting in basketball and passing in netball
Definition of Ability
inherited from your parents, they are stable traits that determine an individuals potential to learn or acquire a skill
E.g. balance, agility and co-ordination
Definition of Performance Goals
• compare themselves against what they have already done or suggest what they are going to do
E.g. 100m runner, aim to time their ‘dip’ well when crossing the line.
Definition of Outcome Goals
(1) involve comparison with other competitors
E.g. football player, wish to win the match, wish to score two goals to increase their teams goal difference
Benefits of Performance and Outcome goals
• Performers should set themselves short term and long term goals
• In doing so they have targets to achieve and can remain motivated to achieve their next goal
Drawback of Performance or Outcome Goals
(1) beginners may be better avoiding outcome goals as they rely on factors that cannot be controlled, for example other performers.
(1) failure will demotivate them
(1) winning maybe an unrealistic goal for some performers
SMART targets of goal setting are
S pecific
M easureable
A ccepted
R ealistic
T ime bound
processing model
Input – information from the display (senses), selective attention.
Decision making – selection of appropriate response from memory. The role of long term and short term memory.
Output – information sent to muscles to carry out the response.
Feedback – received via self (intrinsic) and/or others (extrinsic).
How does exercise effect physical health and well-being
(1) improves heart function
(1) improves efficiency of the body systems
(1) reduces the risk of some illness
(1) able to do everyday tasks
(1) to avoid obesity.
How does exercise effect Mental health and wellbeing
(1) reduces stress/tension
(1) release of feel good hormones (serotonin)
(1) able to control emotions.
How does exercise effect Social health and wellbeing
(1) opportunities to socialise/make friends
(1) cooperation
(1) teamwork
(1) have essential human needs (food, shelter, clothing).
How does exercise effect Fitness
(1) improves fitness
(1) reduces the chances of injury
(1) can aid in the physical ability to work, eg on your feet all day/manual labour.
consequences of a sedentary lifestyle
A lifestyle with an irregular or no physical activity
(1) weight gain/obesity
(1) heart disease
(1) hypertension
(1) diabetes
(1) poor sleep
(1) poor self-esteem
(1) lethargy
how obesity may affect performance in physical activity and sport
(1) limits stamina/cardiovascular endurance
(1) limits flexibility
(1) limits agility
(1) limits speed/power.
Effect of obesity on physical, mental, social health
PHYSICAL HEALTH
(1) cancer
(1) heart disease/heart attacks
(1) diabetes
(1) high cholesterol.
MENTAL HEALTH
(1) depression
(1) loss of confidence.
SOCIAL HEALTH
(1) inability to socialise
(1) inability to leave home.
